Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: Some food was presented to me and Hafsah. We were fasting, but broke our fast. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon us. We said to him: A gift was presented to us; we coveted it and we broke our fast. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: There is no harm to you; keep a fast another day in lieu of it.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنِي حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ الْهَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ زُمَيْلٍ مَوْلَى عُرْوَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ أُهْدِيَ لِي وَلِحَفْصَةَ طَعَامٌ وَكُنَّا صَائِمَتَيْنِ فَأَفْطَرْنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقُلْنَا لَهُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِنَّا أُهْدِيَتْ لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ فَاشْتَهَيْنَاهَا فَأَفْطَرْنَا. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "لَا عَلَيْكُمَا صُومَا مَكَانَهُ يَوْمًا آخَرَ".

Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: It is not allowable for a woman to keep (voluntary) fast when her husband is present without his permission, and she may not allow anyone to enter his house without his permission.

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "لَا تَصُومُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَبَعْلُهَا شَاهِدٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ غَيْرَ رَمَضَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَا تَأْذَنُ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَهُوَ شَاهِدٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ".

Narrated Abu Saeed al-Khudri: A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ while we were with him. She said: Messenger of Allah, my husband, Safwan ibn al-Mu'attal, beats me when I pray, and makes me break my fast when I keep a fast, and he does not offer the dawn prayer until the sun rises. He asked Safwan, who was present, about what she had said. He replied: Messenger of Allah, as for her statement "he beats me when I pray", she recites two surahs (during prayer) and I have prohibited her (to do so). He (the Prophet) said: If one surah is recited (during prayer), that is sufficient for the people. (Safwan continued: ) As regards her saying "he makes me break my fast, " she dotes on fasting; I am a young man, I cannot restrain myself. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on that day: A woman should not fast except with the permission of her husband. (Safwan said: ) As for her statement that I do not pray until the sun rises, we are a people belonging to a class, and that (our profession of supplying water) is already known about us. We do not awake until the sun rises. He said: When you awake, offer your prayer.

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ. فَقَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِنَّ زَوْجِي صَفْوَانَ بْنَ الْمُعَطَّلِ يَضْرِبُنِي إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيُفَطِّرُنِي إِذَا صُمْتُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَا يُصَلِّي صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ. قَالَ وَصَفْوَانُ عِنْدَهُ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَسَأَلَهُ عَمَّا قَالَتْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَمَّا قَوْلُهَا يَضْرِبُنِي إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِنَّهَا تَقْرَأُ بِسُورَتَيْنِ وَقَدْ نَهَيْتُهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَوْ كَانَتْ سُورَةً وَاحِدَةً لَكَفَتِ النَّاسَ. وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهَا يُفَطِّرُنِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِنَّهَا تَنْطَلِقُ فَتَصُومُ وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ شَابٌّ فَلَا أَصْبِرُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ:‏‏‏‏ "لَا تَصُومُ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا". وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهَا إِنِّي لَا أُصَلِّي حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ قَدْ عُرِفَ لَنَا ذَاكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لَا نَكَادُ نَسْتَيْقِظُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ. قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "فَإِذَا اسْتَيْقَظْتَ فَصَلِّ". قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ رَوَاهُ حَمَّادٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ أَوْ ثَابِتٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الْمُتَوَكِّلِ.

Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: When one of you receives an invitation (for a meal), he should accept it. If he isn to fasting, he should eat, and if he is fasten, he should pray. Hisham said: The word salat means to pray (for him to Allah). Abu Dawud said: This tradition has also been narrated by Hafs bin Ghiyath from Hisham.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَالِدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ هِشَامٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِذَا دُعِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيُجِبْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِنْ كَانَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيَطْعَمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَإِنْ كَانَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُصَلِّ". قَالَ هِشَامٌ:‏‏‏‏ وَالصَّلَاةُ الدُّعَاءُ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ رَوَاهُ حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَيْضًا عَنْ هِشَامٍ.

Abu Hurairah reported Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: When one of you is invited (to a meal), and he is fasting, he should say that he is fasting.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْأَعْرَجِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِذَا دُعِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلْيَقُلْ:‏‏‏‏ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ".

Aishah said: The Prophet ﷺ used to observe retirement (Itikaf) to the mosque during the last ten days of Ramadan till Allah took him, and then his wives observed retirement to the mosque after his death.

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ اعْتَكَفَ أَزْوَاجُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ.

Narrated Ubayy ibn Kab: The Prophet ﷺ used to observe Itikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan. One year he did not observe Itikaf. When the next year came, he observed Itikaf for twenty nights (i. e. days).

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا ثَابِتٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ عَامًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً".

Aishah said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ intended to observe Itikaf, he prayed the fajr prayer and then entered his place of seclusion. Once he intended to observe Itikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan. She said: He ordered to pitch a tent for him, and it was pitched. She said: The other wives of the Prophet ﷺ also ordered to pitch tents for them and they were pitched. When he offered the fajr prayer, he saw the tents, and said: What is this ? Did you intend to do an act of virtue ? She said: He then ordered to demolish his tent, and it was demolished. Then his wives also ordered to demolish their tents and they were demolished. He then postponed Itikaf till the first ten days, that is of Shawwal. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been transmitted by Ibn Ishaq and al-Auzai from Yahya bin Saeed in a similar manner, and Malik narrated it from Yahya bin Saeed, saying: He observed Itikaf during twenty days of Shawwal.

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيَعْلَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ مُعْتَكَفَهُ. قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ وَإِنَّهُ أَرَادَ مَرَّةً أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ فَأَمَرَ بِبِنَائِهِ فَضُرِبَ. فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ أَمَرْتُ بِبِنَائِي فَضُرِبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ وَأَمَرَ غَيْرِي مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِبِنَائِهِ فَضُرِبَ. فَلَمَّا صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْأَبْنِيَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ مَا هَذِهِ آلْبِرَّ تُرِدْنَ ؟ قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ فَأَمَرَ بِبِنَائِهِ فَقُوِّضَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَمَرَ أَزْوَاجُهُ بِأَبْنِيَتِهِنَّ فَقُوِّضَتْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَخَّرَ الِاعْتِكَافَ إِلَى الْعَشْرِ الْأُوَلِ يَعْنِي مِنْ شَوَّالٍ". قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَالْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏نَحْوَهُ. وَرَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ.

Ibn Umar said: The Prophet ﷺ used to observe Itikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan. Nafi said: Abdullah (bin Umar) showed me the place in the mosque where Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to observe Itikaf.

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْمَهْرِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يُونُسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ نَافِعًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ"يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ". قَالَ نَافِعٌ:‏‏‏‏ وَقَدْ أَرَانِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ.

Abu Hurairah said: The Prophet ﷺ used to observe Itikaf during ten days of Ramadan every year. But when the year in which he died, he observed Itikaf for twenty days.

حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي حُصَيْنٍ،‏‏‏‏ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"يَعْتَكِفُ كُلَّ رَمَضَانَ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْعَامُ الَّذِي قُبِضَ فِيهِ اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا".