Narrated Aishah: I swear by Allah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed in the mosque over the two sons of al-Baida': Suhail and his brother.

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُثْمَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي النَّضْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى ابْنَيْ بَيْضَاءَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ:‏‏‏‏ سُهَيْلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَخِيهِ.

Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone prays over the dead in the mosque, there is nothing on him.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي صَالِحٌ مَوْلَى التَّوْءَمَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى جَنَازَةٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ".

Narrated Uqbah bin Amir: There were three times at which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to forbid us to pray or bury our dead - when the sun begins to rise till it is fully up, when the sun is at its height midway till it passes the meridian, and when the sun draws near to setting till it sets, or as he said.

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُقْبَةَ بْنَ عَامِرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "ثَلَاثُ سَاعَاتٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَانَا أَنْ نُصَلِّيَ فِيهِنَّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَوْ نَقْبُرَ فِيهِنَّ مَوْتَانَا:‏‏‏‏ حِينَ تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ بَازِغَةً حَتَّى تَرْتَفِعَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَحِينَ يَقُومُ قَائِمُ الظَّهِيرَةِ حَتَّى تَمِيلَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَحِينَ تَضَيَّفُ الشَّمْسُ لِلْغُرُوبِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ".

Yahya ibn Subayh said: Ammar client of al-Harith ibn Nawfal told me that he attended the funeral of Umm Kulthum, and her son. The body of the boy was placed near the imam. I objected to it. Among the people there were Ibn Abbas, Abu Saeed al-Khudri, Abu Qatadah and Abu Hurairah. They said: This is the sunnah (established practice of the Prophet).

حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ الرَّمْلِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ صَبِيحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي عَمَّارٌ مَوْلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ ٍأَنَّهُ شَهِدَ جَنَازَةَ أُمِّ كُلْثُومٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَابْنِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَجُعِلَ الْغُلَامُ مِمَّا يَلِي الْإِمَامَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَنْكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَفِي الْقَوْمِ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏َوَأَبُو قَتَادَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ هَذِهِ السُّنَّةُ.

Nafi Abu Ghalib said: I was in the Sikkat al-Mirbad. A bier passed and a large number of people were accompanying it. They said: Bier of Abdullah ibn Umayr. So I followed it. Suddenly I saw a man, who had a thin garment on riding his small mule. He had a piece of cloth on his head to protect himself from the sun. I asked: Who is this important man? People said: This is Anas ibn Malik. When the bier was placed, Anas stood and led the funeral prayer over him while I was just behind him, and there was no obstruction between me and him. He stood near his head, and uttered four takbirs (Allah is Most Great). He neither lengthened the prayer nor hurried it. He then went to sit down. They said: Abu Hamzah, (here is the bier of) an Ansari woman. They brought her near him and there was a green cupola-shaped structure over her bier. He stood opposite her hips and led the funeral prayer over her as he had led it over the man. He then sat down. Al-Ala ibn Ziyad asked: Abu Hamzah, did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say the funeral prayer over the dead as you have done, uttering four takbirs (Allah is Most Great) over her, and standing opposite the head of a man and the hips of a woman? He replied: Yes. He asked: Abu Hamzah, did you fight with the Messenger of Allah? He replied: Yes. I fought with him in the battle of Hunayn. The polytheists came out and invaded us so severely that we saw our horses behind our backs. Among the people (i. e. the unbelievers) there was a man who was attacking us, and striking and wounding us (with his sword). Allah then defeated them. They were then brought and began to take the oath of allegiance to him for Islam. A man from among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ said: I make a vow to myself that if Allah brings the man who was striking us (with his sword) that day, I shall behead him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ kept silent and the man was brought (as a captive). When he saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he said: Messenger of Allah, I have repented to Allah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stopped (for a while) receiving his oath of allegiance, so that the other man might fulfil his vow. But the man began to wait for the order of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for his murder. He was afraid of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to kill him. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw that he did not do anything, he received his oath of allegiance. The man said: Messenger of Allah, what about my vow? He said: I stopped (receiving his oath of allegiance) today so that you might fulfil your vow. He said: Messenger of Allah, why did you not give any signal to me? The Prophet ﷺ said: It is not worthy of a Prophet to give a signal. Abu Ghalib said: I asked (the people) about Anas standing opposite the hips of a woman. They told me that this practice was due to the fact that (in the days of the Prophet) there were no cupola-shaped structures over the biers of women. So the imam used to stand opposite the hips of a woman to hide her from the people. Abu Dawud said: The saying of the Prophet ﷺ "I have been commanded to fight against the people until they say: There is no god bu Allah" abrogated this tradition of fulfilling the vow by his remark: "I have repented".

حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ أَبِي غَالِبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كُنْتُ فِي سِكَّةِ الْمِرْبَدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَمَرَّتْ جَنَازَةٌ مَعَهَا نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ جَنَازَةُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَتَبِعْتُهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِذَا أَنَا بِرَجُلٍ عَلَيْهِ كِسَاءٌ رَقِيقٌ عَلَى بُرَيْذِينَتِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَعَلَى رَأْسِهِ خِرْقَةٌ تَقِيهِ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ مَنْ هَذَا الدِّهْقَانُ ؟ قَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ هَذَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمَّا وُضِعَتِ الْجَنَازَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَامَ أَنَسٌ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَنَا خَلْفَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لَا يَحُولُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ شَيْءٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَامَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَكَبَّرَ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لَمْ يُطِلْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَمْ يُسْرِعْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ يَقْعُدُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏الْمَرْأَةُ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَرَّبُوهَا وَعَلَيْهَا نَعْشٌ أَخْضَرُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَامَ عِنْدَ عَجِيزَتِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا نَحْوَ صَلَاتِهِ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ جَلَسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ الْعَلَاءُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ:‏‏‏‏ يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏هَكَذَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يُصَلِّي عَلَى الْجَنَازَةِ كَصَلَاتِكَ:‏‏‏‏ يُكَبِّرُ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيَقُومُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ الرَّجُلِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَعَجِيزَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَعَمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏غَزَوْتَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَعَمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏غَزَوْتُ مَعَهُ حُنَيْنًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَخَرَجَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَحَمَلُوا عَلَيْنَا حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا خَيْلَنَا وَرَاءَ ظُهُورِنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَفِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ يَحْمِلُ عَلَيْنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَيَدُقُّنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيَحْطِمُنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَهَزَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَجَعَلَ يُجَاءُ بِهِمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَيُبَايِعُونَهُ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّ عَلَيَّ نَذْرًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِنْ جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِالرَّجُلِ الَّذِي كَانَ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمَ يَحْطِمُنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لَأَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَجِيءَ بِالرَّجُلِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏تُبْتُ إِلَى اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَمْسَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يُبَايِعُهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لِيَفِيَ الْآخَرُ بِنَذْرِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَصَدَّى لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيَأْمُرَهُ بِقَتْلِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَجَعَلَ يَهَابُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَصْنَعُ شَيْئًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏بَايَعَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏نَذْرِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنِّي لَمْ أُمْسِكْ عَنْهُ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِلَّا لِتُوفِيَ بِنَذْرِكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَلَا أَوْمَضْتَ إِلَيَّ ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يُومِضَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو غَالِبٍ:‏‏‏‏ فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْ صَنِيعِ أَنَسٍ فِي قِيَامِهِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ عِنْدَ عَجِيزَتِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَحَدَّثُونِي أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا كَانَ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ تَكُنِ النُّعُوشُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَكَانَ الْإِمَامُ يَقُومُ حِيَالَ عَجِيزَتِهَا يَسْتُرُهَا مِنَ الْقَوْمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏نَسَخَ مِنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ:‏‏‏‏ الْوَفَاءَ بِالنَّذْرِ فِي قَتْلِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏بِقَوْلِهِ:‏‏‏‏ إِنِّي قَدْ تُبْتُ.

Narrated Samurah bin Jundab: I prayed behing the Prophet ﷺ over a woman who died in childbirth, and he stood opposite her waist.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنٌ الْمُعَلِّمُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُرَيْدَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ صَلَّيْتُ وَرَاءَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ فِي نِفَاسِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَامَ عَلَيْهَا لِلصَّلَاةِ وَسَطَهَا".

Narrated Al-Shabi: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed a grave dug freshly. They arranged a row and uttered four takbirs over it. I asked al-Shabi: Who told you ? He replied: A reliable person whom Abdullah bin Abbas attended.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا إِسْحَاق، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ:‏‏‏‏ أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"مَرَّ بِقَبْرٍ رَطْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَصَفُّوا عَلَيْهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعًا"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقُلْتُ لِلشَّعْبِيِّ:‏‏‏‏ مَنْ حَدَّثَكَ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ الثِّقَةُ مَنْ شَهِدَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ.

Narrated Ibn Abi Laila: Zaid bin Arqam used to utter four takbirs (Allah is Most Great) over our dead person (during prayer). He uttered five takbirs on a dead person. So I asked him. He replied: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to utter those. Abu Dawud said: I remember the tradition of Ibn al-Muthanna in a more guarded way.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ. ح وحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْعَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "كَانَ زَيْدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَرْقَمَ يُكَبِّرُ عَلَى جَنَائِزِنَا أَرْبَعًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَإِنَّهُ كَبَّرَ عَلَى جَنَازَةٍ خَمْسًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَسَأَلْتُهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُكَبِّرُهَا"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ وَأَنَا لِحَدِيثِ ابْنِ الْمُثَنَّى أَتْقَنُ.

Narrated Talhah bin Abdullah bin Awf: I prayed over a dead person along with Ibn Abbas. He recited Surat al-Fatihah and he said: This is the Sunnah.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "صَلَّيْتُ مَعَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَلَى جَنَازَةٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَرَأَ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّهَا مِنَ السُّنَّةِ".

Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Prophet ﷺ said: When you pray over the dead, make a sincere supplication for him.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْحَرَّانِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاق، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ "إِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَخْلِصُوا لَهُ الدُّعَاءَ".