Narrated Abu Ayyub: The Prophet ﷺ said: The gates of heaven are opened for four rak'ahs containing no taslim (salutation) before the noon prayer. Abu Dawud said: Yahya bin Saeed al-Qattan said: If I were to narrate any tradition from Ubaidah, I would narrate this tradition. Abu Dawud said: Ubaidah is weak. Abu Dawud said: The name of the narrator Ibn Minjab is Sahm.

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ عُبَيْدَةَ يُحَدِّثُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ مِنْجَابَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ قَرْثَعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "أَرْبَعٌ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ لَيْسَ فِيهِنَّ تَسْلِيمٌ تُفْتَحُ لَهُنَّ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ". قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ بَلَغَنِي عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَوْ حَدَّثْتُ عَنْ عُبَيْدَةَ بِشَيْءٍ لَحَدَّثْتُ عَنْهُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ عُبَيْدَةُ ضَعِيفٌ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ ابْنُ مِنْجَابٍ هُوَ سَهْمٌ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: The Prophet ﷺ said: May Allah show mercy to a man who prays four rak'ahs before the afternoon prayer.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ الْقُرَشِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي جَدِّي أَبُو الْمُثَنَّى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "رَحِمَ اللَّهُ امْرَأً صَلَّى قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ أَرْبَعًا".

Narrated Ali: That the Prophet ﷺ used to pray two rak'ahs before the Asr prayer.

حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"كَانَ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ".

Narrated Kuraib, the client of Ibn Abbas: That Abdullah bin Abbas, Abdur-Rahman bin Azhar and al-Miswar bin Makhramah sent him to Aishah, wife of the Prophet ﷺ. They said: Convey our regards to her from all of us and ask her about the two rak'ahs after the Asr prayer, and tell her that we have been informed that she prays them, and we are told that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited them. I entered upon her and told her that for which they had sent me to her. She said: Ask Umm Salamah. I returned to them (Ibn Abbas and others) and informed them about her opinion. They sent me back to Umm Salamah with the same mission for which they had sent me to Aishah. Umm Salamah said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibiting them, but later on I saw him praying them. When he prayed them, he had offered the Asr prayer. He then came to me while a number of women from Banu Haram from the Ansar were sitting with me. He prayed these two rak'ahs. I sent a slave girl to him and I told her: Stand beside him and tell him that Umm Salamah has asked: Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I heard you prohibiting these two rak'ahs (after the afternoon prayer) but I see you praying them yourself. If he makes a sign with his hand, step backward from him. The slave girl did so. When he finished prayer, he said: O daughter of Abu Umayyah, you asked about the praying of two rak'ahs after the Asr prayer, in fact, some people of Abd al-Qais has come to me with the news that their people had embraced Islam. They hindered me from praying the two rak'ahs after Zuhr prayer. It is those two rak'ahs (which I offered after the Asr prayer)

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ كُرَيْبٍمَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَعَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أَزْهَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَالْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَرْسَلُوهُ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ اقْرَأْ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامَ مِنَّا جَمِيعًا وَسَلْهَا عَنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقُلْ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّا أُخْبِرْنَا أَنَّكِ تُصَلِّينَهُمَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَدْ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"نَهَى عَنْهُمَا"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَبَلَّغْتُهَا مَا أَرْسَلُونِي بِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ سَلْ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُمْ بِقَوْلِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَرَدُّونِي إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ بِمِثْلِ مَا أَرْسَلُونِي بِهِ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَتْأُمُّ سَلَمَةَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَى عَنْهُمَا ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُهُ يُصَلِّيهِمَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَمَّا حِينَ صَلَّاهُمَا فَإِنَّهُ صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ دَخَلَ وَعِنْدِي نِسْوَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي حَرَامٍ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ فَصَلَّاهُمَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَرْسَلْتُ إِلَيْهِ الْجَارِيَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ قُومِي بِجَنْبِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقُولِي لَهُ:‏‏‏‏ تَقُولُ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَسْمَعُكَ تَنْهَى عَنْ هَاتَيْنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ وَأَرَاكَ تُصَلِّيهِمَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِنْ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ فَاسْتَأْخِرِي عَنْهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ فَفَعَلَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَاسْتَأْخَرَتْ عَنْهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "يَا بِنْتَ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏سَأَلْتِ عَنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِنَّهُ أَتَانِي نَاسٌ مِنْ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ بِالْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ قَوْمِهِمْ فَشَغَلُونِي عَنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ اللَّتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ فَهُمَا هَاتَانِ".

Narrated Ali ibn Abu Talib: The Prophet ﷺ prohibited to offer prayer after the afternoon prayer except at the time when the sun is high up in the sky.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ يَسَافٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ الْأَجْدَعِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ علِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"نَهَى عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَّا وَالشَّمْسُ مُرْتَفِعَةٌ".

Narrated Ali ibn Abu Talib: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would offer two rak'ahs after every obligatory prayer except the dawn and the Asr prayer.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي فِي إِثْرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا الْفَجْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ".

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: Some reliable people testified before me, and among them was Umar ibn al-Khattab, and most reliable in my eyes was Umar: The Prophet of Allah ﷺ said: There is no prayer after the dawn prayer until the sun rises; and there is no prayer after the Asr prayer until the sun sets.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ شَهِدَ عِنْدِي رِجَالٌ مَرْضِيُّونَ فِيهِمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَرْضَاهُمْ عِنْدِي عُمَرُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "لَا صَلَاةَ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَا صَلَاةَ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ".

Narrated Amr ibn Anbasah as-Sulami: I asked: Messenger of Allah, in which part of night the supplication is more likely to be accepted? He replied: In the last part: Pray as much as you like, for the prayer is attended by the angels and it is recorded till you offer the dawn prayer; then stop praying when the sun is rising till it has reached the height of one or two lances, for it rises between the two horns of the Devil, and the infidels offer prayer for it (at that time). Then pray as much as you like, because the prayer is witnessed and recorded till the shadow of a lance be- comes equal to it. Then cease prayer, for at that time the Hell-fire is heated up and doors of Hell are opened. When the sun declines, pray as much as you like, for the prayer is witnessed till you pray the afternoon prayer; then cease prayer till the sun sets, for it sets between the horns of the Devil, and (at that time) the infidels offer prayer for it. He narrated a lengthy tradition. Abbas said: Abu Salam narrated this tradition in a similar manner from Abu Umamah. If I have made a mistake unintentionally, I beg pardon of Allah and repent to Him.

حَدَّثَنَا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُهَاجِرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي سَلَّامٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبَسَةَ السُّلَمِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَيُّ اللَّيْلِ أَسْمَعُ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "جَوْفُ اللَّيْلِ الْآخِرُ فَصَلِّ مَا شِئْتَ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ مَكْتُوبَةٌ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الصُّبْحَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَقْصِرْ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ فَتَرْتَفِعَ قِيسَ رُمْحٍ أَوْ رُمْحَيْنِ فَإِنَّهَا تَطْلُعُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَتُصَلِّي لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ صَلِّ مَا شِئْتَ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ مَكْتُوبَةٌ حَتَّى يَعْدِلَ الرُّمْحُ ظِلَّهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَقْصِرْ فَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ تُسْجَرُ وَتُفْتَحُ أَبْوَابُهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِذَا زَاغَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَصَلِّ مَا شِئْتَ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَقْصِرْ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّهَا تَغْرُبُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَيُصَلِّي لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ". وَقَصَّ حَدِيثًا طَوِيلًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ:‏‏‏‏ هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَلَّامٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِلَّا أَنْ أُخْطِئَ شَيْئًا لَا أُرِيدُهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: Yasar, the client of Ibn Umar, said: Ibn Umar saw me praying after the break of dawn. He said: O Yasar, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to us while we were offering this prayer. He (the Prophet) said: Those who are present should inform those who are absent: Do not offer any prayer after (the break of) dawn except two rak'ahs.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا قُدَامَةُ بْنُ مُوسَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي عَلْقَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْيَسَارٍ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ رَآنِي ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَأَنَا أُصَلِّي بَعْدَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا يَسَارُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا وَنَحْنُ نُصَلِّي هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "لِيُبَلِّغْ شَاهِدُكُمْ غَائِبَكُمْ لَا تُصَلُّوا بَعْدَ الْفَجْرِ إِلَّا سَجْدَتَيْنِ".

Al-Aswad and Masruq said: We bear witness that Aishah said: Not a day passed but the Prophet ﷺ prayed two rak'ahs after the Asr prayer

حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْأَسْوَدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَمَسْرُوقٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَا:‏‏‏‏ نَشْهَدُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ "مَا مِنْ يَوْمٍ يَأْتِي عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا صَلَّى بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ".