It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that Mu'adh said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) sent me and said: 'You are going to some of the People of the Book. Call them to bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped but Allah, and that I am the Messenger of Allah. If they accept that, then teach them that Allah has enjoined on them five prayers to be offered each day and night. If they accept that, then teach them that Allah has enjoined on them charity (Zakat) to be taken from their rich and given to their poor. If they accept that, then beware (of taking) the best of their wealth, and protect yourself from the supplication of the one who has been wronged, for there is no barrier between it and Allah."

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ جَمِيعًا عَنْ وَكِيعٍ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّاءَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ صَيْفِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِي مَعْبَدٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رُبَّمَا قَالَ وَكِيعٌ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ مُعَاذًا قَالَ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ تَأْتِي قَوْمًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لِذَلِكَ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لِذَلِكَ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ فَتُرَدُّ فِي فُقَرَائِهِمْ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لِذَلِكَ فَإِيَّاكَ وَكَرَائِمَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاتَّقِ دَعْوَةَ الْمَظْلُومِ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ حِجَابٌ.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that when the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) sent Mu'adh to Yemen, he said: "You are going to some of the people of the Book, so let the first thing to which you call them be the worship of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime (alone). If they acknowledge Allah (as One), then tell them that Allah has enjoined upon them five prayers to be offered every day and night. If they do that, then tell them that Allah has enjoined on them Zakat to be taken from their wealth and given to their poor. If they accept that, then take it from them, but beware of (taking) the best of their wealth."

حَدَّثَنَا أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ بِسْطَامَ الْعَيْشِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ وَهُوَ ابْنُ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ صَيْفِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِي مَعْبَدٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا بَعَثَ مُعَاذًا إِلَى الْيَمَنِ قَالَ: إِنَّكَ تَقْدَمُ عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَهْلِ كِتَابٍ فَلْيَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَا تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَيْهِ عِبَادَةُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَإِذَا عَرَفُوا اللَّهَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ فَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي يَوْمِهِمْ وَلَيْلَتِهِمْ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ فَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ زَكَاةً تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ فَتُرَدُّ عَلَى فُقَرَائِهِمْ فَإِذَا أَطَاعُوا بِهَا فَخُذْ مِنْهُمْ وَتَوَقَّ كَرَائِمَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ.

It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said: "When the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) died and Abu Bakr succeeded (as Khalifah) after him, and some of the Arabs reverted to Kufr, 'Umar bin Al-Khattab said to Abu Bakr: 'How can you fight the people when the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'I have been commanded to fight the people until they say La ilaha illallah (none has the right to be worshiped but Allah), and whoever says La ilaha illallah, his wealth and his life are protected from me except for a right that is due, and his reckoning will be with Allah"?' Abu Bakr said: 'By Allah! I will most certainly fight those who separate Salat and Zakat, for Zakat is what is due on wealth. By Allah, if they withhold from me a rope that they used to give to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), I will fight them for withholding it.' 'Umar bin Al-Khattab said: 'By Allah, as soon as I saw that Allah had opened Abu Bakr's heart to the idea of fighting, I knew that he was right."'

و حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاسْتُخْلِفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَعْدَهُ وَكَفَرَ مَنْ كَفَرَ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ كَيْفَ تُقَاتِلُ النَّاسَ وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَمَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَقَدْ عَصَمَ مِنِّي مَالَهُ وَنَفْسَهُ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهِ وَحِسَابُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَاللَّهِ لَأُقَاتِلَنَّ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ فَإِنَّ الزَّكَاةَ حَقُّ الْمَالِ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ مَنَعُونِي عِقَالًا كَانُوا يُؤَدُّونَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَقَاتَلْتُهُمْ عَلَى مَنْعِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ رَأَيْتُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ شَرَحَ صَدْرَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ لِلْقِتَالِ فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ.

It was narrated that Ibn Shihab said: "Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab told me that Abu Hurairah told him, that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'I have been commanded to fight the people until they say La ilaha illallah. Whoever says La ilaha illallah, his wealth and his life are protected from me except for a right that is due, and his reckoning will be with Allah."'

و حَدَّثَنِيْ أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ وَحَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى قَالَ أَحْمَدُ حَدَّثَنَا، و قَالَ الْآخَرَانِ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَمَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ عَصَمَ مِنِّي مَالَهُ وَنَفْسَهُ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهِ وَحِسَابُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ.

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "I have been commanded to fight the people until they bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped but Allah, and believe in me and that which I have brought. If they do that, their blood and wealth are protected from me, except for a right that is due, and their reckoning will be with Allah."

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ يَعْنِي الدَّرَاوَرْدِيَّ عَنْ الْعَلَاءِ ح و حَدَّثَنَا أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ بِسْطَامَ- وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ- حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ عَنْ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَيُؤْمِنُوا بِي وَبِمَا جِئْتُ بِهِ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ.

It was narrated that Jabir said: The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "I have been commanded to fight the people until they say La ilaha illallah. If they say La ilaha illallah, their blood and their wealth are protected from me, except for a right that is due, and their reckoning will be with Allah." Then he recited: "You are only one who reminds. You are not a dictator over them.

وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ ح و حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ قَالَا جَمِيعًا: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَإِذَا قَالُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ { إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مُذَكِّرٌ لَسْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِمُسَيْطِرٍ }.[الغاشية: 21،22]

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin 'Umar said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'I have been commanded to fight the people until they bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped but Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), and they establish the Salat and pay Zakat. If they do that, then their blood and wealth are protected from me [except for a right that is due], and their reckoning with be with Allah."'

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو غَسَّانَ الْمِسْمَعِىُّ مَالِكُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ وَاقِدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ [إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا] وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ.

It was narrated from Abu Malik that his father said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) say: 'Whoever says La ilaha illallah and disbelieves in everything that is worshiped instead of Allah, his wealth and his blood are protected, and his reckoning will be with Allah."'

و حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ يَعْنِيَانِ الْفَزَارِيَّ عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَكَفَرَ بِمَا يُعْبَدُ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ حَرُمَ مَالُهُ وَدَمُهُ وَحِسَابُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ.

Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab narrated that his father said: "When Abu Talib was dying, the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) came to him and found Abu Jahl and 'Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah bin Al-Mughirah with him. The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'O uncle, say La ilaha illallah, a word for which I will testify for you before Allah.' Abu Jahl and 'Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah said: 'O Abu Talib, will you tum away from the religion of 'Abdul-Muttalib?' The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) kept calling him to Islam and he repeated this statement to him, until the last words that Abu Talib spoke indicated that he followed the religion of 'Abdul-Muttalib, and he refused to say La ilaha illallah. The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'By Allah, I shall pray for forgiveness for you so long as I am not forbidden to do so.' Then Allah, Most High revealed: "It is not (proper) for the Prophet and those who believe to ask Allah's forgiveness for the Mushrikun even though they be of kin, after it has become clear to them that they are the dwellers of the Fire. And Allah, Most High revealed concerning Abu Talib, and said to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w): "Verily, you (O Muhammad) guide not whom you like, but Allah guides whom He wills. And He knows best those who are the guided.''

و حَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى التُّجِيبِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ أَبَا طَالِبٍ الْوَفَاةُ جَاءَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَوَجَدَ عِنْدَهُ أَبَا جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا عَمِّ قُلْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ كَلِمَةً أَشْهَدُ لَكَ بِهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ يَا أَبَا طَالِبٍ أَتَرْغَبُ عَنْ مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ؟ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعْرِضُهَا عَلَيْهِ وَيُعِيدُ لَهُ تِلْكَ الْمَقَالَةَ حَتَّى قَالَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ آخِرَ مَا كَلَّمَهُمْ هُوَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَأَبَى أَنْ يَقُولَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ مَا لَمْ أُنْهَ عَنْكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى { مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِيْ قُرْبَى مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ } وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ { إِنَّكَ لَا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ }[القصص:56]

It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said to his uncle when he was dying: 'Say La ilaha illallah, and I will bear witness for you on the Day of Resurrection.' But he refused. And Allah revealed: Verily, you (O Muhammad) guide not whom you like..."

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ وَابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ عَنْ يَزِيدَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ كَيْسَانَ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِعَمِّهِ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ قُلْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ أَشْهَدُ لَكَ بِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَأَبَى فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ { إِنَّكَ لَا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ } الْآيَةَ.[القصص:56]