It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "It is not right for a Muslim man who has anything that he wants to bequeath, to stay for more than two nights without having his will written with him."

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى الْعَنَزِىُّ - وَاللَّفْظُ لاِبْنِ الْمُثَنَّى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى - وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانُ - عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنِى نَافِعٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَهُ شَىْءٌ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُوصِىَ فِيهِ يَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ إِلاَّ وَوَصِيَّتُهُ مَكْتُوبَةٌ عِنْدَهُ ».

It was narrated from Salim, from his father, that he heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) say: "It is not right for a Muslim man who has anything to be bequeathed to stay for three nights without having his will written down with him." 'Abdullah bin 'Umar said: "Since I heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) say that, no night passed but I had my will with me."

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِى عَمْرٌو - وَهْوَ ابْنُ الْحَارِثِ - عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَهُ شَىْءٌ يُوصِى فِيهِ يَبِيتُ ثَلاَثَ لَيَالٍ إِلاَّ وَوَصِيَّتُهُ عِنْدَهُ مَكْتُوبَةٌ ». قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ مَا مَرَّتْ عَلَىَّ لَيْلَةٌ مُنْذُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ ذَلِكَ إِلاَّ وَعِنْدِى وَصِيَّتِى.

It was narrated from 'Amir bin Sa'd that his father said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) visited me during the Farewell Pilgrimage, when I fell sick with a sickness that brought me close to death. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, you can see how bad my sickness is, and I am wealthy, and no one will inherit from me except one daughter of mine. Can I give two-thirds of my wealth in charity?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'Can I give half of it in charity?' He said: 'No. (Give) one-third, and one-third is a lot. If you leave your heirs rich and wealthy, that is better for them than leaving them dependent and asking from people. You will never spend on maintenance, seeking thereby the Face of Allah, but you will be rewarded for it, even a morsel that you put in your wife's mouth.' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, will I be left behind my companions?' He said: 'You will never be left behind by them and do a good deed, seeking thereby the Face of Allah, but it will increase you in status. Perhaps you will live until some people benefit from you and others are harmed by you. O Allah, complete the emigration of my Companions and do not cause them to tum back on their heels.' How unfortunate Sa'd bin Khawlah was.'" He said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) felt sorry for him because he died in Makkah.''

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى التَّمِيمِىُّ أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ عَادَنِى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فِى حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ مِنْ وَجَعٍ أَشْفَيْتُ مِنْهُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَلَغَنِى مَا تَرَى مِنَ الْوَجَعِ وَأَنَا ذُو مَالٍ وَلاَ يَرِثُنِى إِلاَّ ابْنَةٌ لِى وَاحِدَةٌ أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِثُلُثَىْ مَالِى قَالَ « لاَ ». قَالَ قُلْتُ أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِشَطْرِهِ قَالَ « لاَ الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَذَرَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَذَرَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَسْتَ تُنْفِقُ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِى بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ أُجِرْتَ بِهَا حَتَّى اللُّقْمَةُ تَجْعَلُهَا فِى فِى امْرَأَتِكَ ». قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أُخَلَّفُ بَعْدَ أَصْحَابِى قَالَ « إِنَّكَ لَنْ تُخَلَّفَ فَتَعْمَلَ عَمَلاً تَبْتَغِى بِهِ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ ازْدَدْتَ بِهِ دَرَجَةً وَرِفْعَةً وَلَعَلَّكَ تُخَلَّفُ حَتَّى يُنْفَعَ بِكَ أَقْوَامٌ وَيُضَرَّ بِكَ آخَرُونَ اللَّهُمَّ أَمْضِ لأَصْحَابِى هِجْرَتَهُمْ وَلاَ تَرُدَّهُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ لَكِنِ الْبَائِسُ سَعْدُ ابْنُ خَوْلَةَ ». قَالَ رَثَى لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- مِنْ أَنْ تُوُفِّىَ بِمَكَّةَ.

It was narrated that Sa'd said: "The Prophet (s.a.w) entered upon me to visit me (when I was sick)..." and he narrated a Hadith like that of Az-Zuhri (no. 4210), but he did not mention what the Prophet (s.a.w) said about Sa'd bin Khawlah, but he said: "He did not want to die in a land from which he had emigrated.''

وَحَدَّثَنِى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الْحَفَرِىُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ سَعْدٍ قَالَ دَخَلَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَلَىَّ يَعُودُنِى. فَذَكَرَ بِمَعْنَى حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِىِّ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فِى سَعْدِ ابْنِ خَوْلَةَ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَكَانَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَمُوتَ بِالأَرْضِ الَّتِى هَاجَرَ مِنْهَا.

Mus'ab bin Sa'd narrated that his father said: "I fell sick and I sent word to the Prophet (s.a.w). I said: 'Let me divide my wealth as I wish,' but he refused. I said: 'Then half?' And he refused. I said: 'Then one-third?"' He (the narrator) said: "He remained silent after one-third." He said: "After that, one-third was permissible."

وَحَدَّثَنِى زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُوسَى حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ حَدَّثَنَا سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنِى مُصْعَبُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ مَرِضْتُ فَأَرْسَلْتُ إِلَى النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَقُلْتُ دَعْنِى أَقْسِمْ مَالِى حَيْثُ شِئْتُ فَأَبَى. قُلْتُ فَالنِّصْفُ فَأَبَى. قُلْتُ فَالثُّلُثُ قَالَ فَسَكَتَ بَعْدَ الثُّلُثِ. قَالَ فَكَانَ بَعْدُ الثُّلُثُ جَائِزًا.

It was narrated from Mus'ab bin Sa'd that his father said: "The Prophet (s.a.w) visited me (when I was sick) and I said: 'I will bequeath all my wealth.' He said: 'No.' I said: 'Then one-half.' He said: 'No.' I said: 'One-third?' He said: 'Yes, but one-third is a lot."'

وَحَدَّثَنِى الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّاءَ حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِىٍّ عَنْ زَائِدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ عَادَنِى النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَقُلْتُ أُوصِى بِمَالِى كُلِّهِ. قَالَ « لاَ ». قُلْتُ فَالنِّصْفُ. قَالَ « لاَ ». فَقُلْتُ أَبِالثُّلُثِ فَقَالَ « نَعَمْ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ ».

It was narrated from three of the sons of Sa'd, from their father, that the Prophet (s.a.w) entered upon Sa'd to visit him (when he was sick) in Makkah, and he wept. He said: "Why are you weeping?" He said: "I am afraid that I will die in the land from which I emigrated, as Sa'd bin Khawlah died." The Prophet (s.a.w) said: "O Allah, heal Sa'd. O Allah, heal Sa'd," three times. He said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have a lot of wealth, and only my daughter will inherit from me. Should I bequeath all my wealth?" He said: "No." He said: "Then two-thirds?" He said: "No." He said: "Then half?" He said: "No." He said: "Then one-third?" He said: "One-third, but one-third is a lot. What you give of your wealth is charity, what you spend on your family is charity, what you give to . your wife to eat from your wealth is charity. If you leave your family well off, that is better for you than leaving them asking from people," and he gestured with his hand.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِى عُمَرَ الْمَكِّىُّ حَدَّثَنَا الثَّقَفِىُّ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِىِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِىِّ عَنْ ثَلاَثَةٍ مِنْ وَلَدِ سَعْدٍ كُلُّهُمْ يُحَدِّثُهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- دَخَلَ عَلَى سَعْدٍ يَعُودُهُ بِمَكَّةَ فَبَكَى قَالَ « مَا يُبْكِيكَ ». فَقَالَ قَدْ خَشِيتُ أَنْ أَمُوتَ بِالأَرْضِ الَّتِى هَاجَرْتُ مِنْهَا كَمَا مَاتَ سَعْدُ ابْنُ خَوْلَةَ. فَقَالَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « اللَّهُمَّ اشْفِ سَعْدًا اللَّهُمَّ اشْفِ سَعْدًا ». ثَلاَثَ مِرَارٍ. قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِى مَالاً كَثِيرًا وَإِنَّمَا يَرِثُنِى ابْنَتِى أَفَأُوصِى بِمَالِى كُلِّهِ قَالَ « لاَ ».قَالَ فَبِالثُّلُثَيْنِ قَالَ « لاَ ». قَالَ فَالنِّصْفُ قَالَ « لاَ ». قَالَ فَالثُّلُثُ قَالَ « الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ إِنَّ صَدَقَتَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ صَدَقَةٌ وَإِنَّ نَفَقَتَكَ عَلَى عِيَالِكَ صَدَقَةٌ وَإِنَّ مَا تَأْكُلُ امْرَأَتُكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ صَدَقَةٌ وَإِنَّكَ أَنْ تَدَعَ أَهْلَكَ بِخَيْرٍ - أَوْ قَالَ بِعَيْشٍ - خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَدَعَهُمْ يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ ». وَقَالَ بِيَدِهِ.

It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said: "Would that the people would reduce it from one-third to one-quarter, for the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'One-third, and one-third is a lot."'

حَدَّثَنِى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى الرَّازِىُّ أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى يَعْنِى ابْنَ يُونُسَ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ كُلُّهُمْ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ غَضُّوا مِنَ الثُّلُثِ إِلَى الرُّبُعِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ ». وَفِى حَدِيثِ وَكِيعٍ « كَبِيرٌ أَوْ كَثِيرٌ ».

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that a man said to the Prophet (s.a.w): "My father died and he left behind some wealth but he did not make a will. Will it expiate for him if charity is given on his behalf?" He said: "Yes."

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَعَلِىُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ جَعْفَرٍ - عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلاً قَالَ لِلنَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- إِنَّ أَبِى مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ مَالاً وَلَمْ يُوصِ فَهَلْ يُكَفِّرُ عَنْهُ أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ عَنْهُ قَالَ « نَعَمْ ».

It was narrated from 'Aishah that a man came to the Prophet (s.a.w) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, my mother died suddenly and she did not leave a will. I think that if she could have spoken she would have given charity. Will she have a reward if I give charity on her behalf?" He said: "Yes."

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَتَى النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أُمِّىَ افْتُلِتَتْ نَفْسُهَا وَلَمْ تُوصِ وَأَظُنُّهَا لَوْ تَكَلَّمَتْ تَصَدَّقَتْ أَفَلَهَا أَجْرٌ إِنْ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَنْهَا قَالَ « نَعَمْ ».