Abu Salamah reported on the authority of Fatimah daughter of Qays who said to him that she was the wife of AbuHafs ibn al-Mughirah who divorced her by three pronouncements. She said that she came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and sought his opinion about her going out from her house. He commanded her to shift to (the house of )Ibn Umm Maktum who was blind. Marwan denied to confirm the tradition of Fatimah about the going out of a divorced woman from her house. Urwah said: Aishah objected to Fatimah daughter of Qays. Abu Dawud said: Salih bin Kaisan, Ibn Juraij, and Shuaib bin Abi Hamzah -- all of them narrated on the authority of al-Zuhru in a similar way. Abu Dawud said: Shuaibn bin Abi Hamzah the name of Abu Hamzah is Dinar. He is a client of Ziyad.

حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الرَّمْلِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏"أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ عِنْدَ أَبِي حَفْصِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَنَّ أَبَا حَفْصِ بْنَ الْمُغِيرَةِ طَلَّقَهَا آخِرَ ثَلَاثِ تَطْلِيقَاتٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَزَعَمَتْ أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتَفْتَتْهُ فِي خُرُوجِهَا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَنْتَقِلَ إِلَى ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ الْأَعْمَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَبَى مَرْوَانُ أَنْ يُصَدِّقَ حَدِيثَ فَاطِمَةَ فِي خُرُوجِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ عُرْوَةُ:‏‏‏‏ وَأَنْكَرَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ صَالِحُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَ شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏كُلُّهُمْ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَاسْمُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ دِينَارٌ وَهُوَ مَوْلَى زِيَادٍ.

Ubaid Allah said “Marwan sent someone (Qabisah) to Fatimah and asked her (about the case). She said that she was the wife of Abu Hafs. The Prophet ﷺ appointed Ali as governor in a certain part of Yemen. Her husband also proceeded with him. From there he sent a message to her pronouncing one divorce that had yet remained. He commanded Ayyash bin Abi Rabiah and Al Harith bin Hisham to provide maintenance to her. They said “By Allah there is no sustenance for her except in case she is pregnant. ” She came to the Prophet ﷺ who said “There is no sustenance for you except in case you are pregnant. She then asked permission to shift (from her house) and he gave her permission. ” She asked “Where should I shift. Messenger of Allah ﷺ? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Ibn Umm Maktum. He was blind. She would undress herself and he could not see her. She lived there till her waiting period passed. The Prophet ﷺ married her to Usamah. Qabisah then returned to Marwan and narrated that to him. Marwan said “We did not hear this tradition except from a woman, so we shall follow the reliable practice on which we found the people”. When this reached Fatimah she said “between me and you is the Book of Allah”. Allaah the exalted said “Divorce them for their waiting period. . . ” Thou knowest not it may be that Allaah will afterward bring some new thing to pass. She said “What a new thing will emerge after triple divorce. ” Abu Dawud said “A similar tradition has been narrated by Yunus on the authority of Al Zuhri. As for Al Zubaidi he narrated both traditions, the tradition of Ubaid Allah in the version of Mamar and the tradition of Abu Salamah in the version of Aqil. ” Abu Dawud said “Muhammad bin Ishaq narrated on the authority of Al Zuhri that Qabisah bin Dhuwaib transmitted to him the version which was narrated by Ubaid Allah bin Abd Allaah which has Qabisah then returned to Marwan and informed him about that. ”

حَدَّثَنَا مَخْلَدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَرْسَلَ مَرْوَانُ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَفَسَأَلَهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ عِنْدَ أَبِي حَفْصٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَّرَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَعْنِي عَلَى بَعْضِ الْيَمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ زَوْجُهَا فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا بِتَطْلِيقَةٍ كَانَتْ بَقِيَتْ لَهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَمَرَ عَيَّاشَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ أَنْ يُنْفِقَا عَلَيْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَا:‏‏‏‏ وَاللَّهِ مَا لَهَا نَفَقَةٌ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ حَامِلًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "لَا نَفَقَةَ لَكِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونِي حَامِلًا"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَاسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ فِي الِانْتِقَالِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَذِنَ لَهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ أَيْنَ أَنْتَقِلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "عِنْدَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَانَ أَعْمَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏تَضَعُ ثِيَابَهَا عِنْدَهُ وَلَا يُبْصِرُهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمْ تَزَلْ هُنَاكَ حَتَّى مَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا فَأَنْكَحَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُسَامَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَرَجَعَ قَبِيصَةُ إِلَى مَرْوَانَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ:‏‏‏‏ لَمْ نَسْمَعْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ إِلَّا مِنَ امْرَأَةٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَسَنَأْخُذُ بِالْعِصْمَةِ الَّتِي وَجَدْنَا النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ حِينَ بَلَغَهَا ذَلِكَ:‏‏‏‏ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ كِتَابُ اللَّه، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى:‏‏‏‏ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ حَتَّى لا تَدْرِي لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يُحْدِثُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَمْرًا سورة الطلاق آية 1، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ فَأَيُّ أَمْرٍ يُحْدِثُ بَعْدَ الثَّلَاثِ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ يُونُسُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَمَّا الزُّبَيْدِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَرَوَى الْحَدِيثَيْنِ جَمِيعًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدِيثَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بمَعْنى مَعْمَرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَحَدِيثَ أَبي سلَمَةَ بمَعْنى عَقِيلٍ. قال أَبُو دَاوُدَ:‏‏‏‏ وَرَوَاهُ مُحمَّدُ بنُ إِسْحاقَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ قَبِيصَةَ بْنَ ذُؤَيْبٍ حَدَّثَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏بِمَعْنًى دَلَّ عَلَى خَبَرِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حِينَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَرَجَعَ قَبِيصَةُ إِلَى مَرْوَانَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ.

Abu Ishaq said “I was with Al Aswad in the congregational mosque. He said “Fathimah daughter of Qais came to Umar bin Al Khattab (may Allaah be pleased with him). (When she narrated the tradition about her divorce) he said “We are not to leave the Book of our Lord and the Sunnah of our Prophet ﷺ for the statement of a woman, we do not know whether she remembered it or not. ”

حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو أَحْمَدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَمَّارُ بْنُ رُزَيْقٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كُنْتُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ مَعَالْأَسْوَدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَتَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ قَيْسٍ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "مَا كُنَّا لِنَدَعَ كِتَابَ رَبِّنَا وَسُنَّةَ نَبِيِّنَا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِقَوْلِ امْرَأَةٍ لَا نَدْرِي أَحَفِظَتْ ذَلِكَ أَمْ لَا".

Urwah said: Aishah (Allah be pleased with her) severely objected to the tradition of Fatimah daughter of Qays. She said: Fatimah lived in a desolate house and she feared for her loneliness there. Hence the Messenger of Allah ﷺ accorded permission to her (to leave the place).

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَقَدْ عَابَتْ ذَلِكَ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَشَدَّ الْعَيْبِ يَعْنِي حَدِيثَ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ كَانَتْ فِي مَكَانٍ وَحْشٍ فَخِيفَ عَلَى نَاحِيَتِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلِذَلِكَ رَخَّصَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ".

Urwah ibn az-Zubayr said: Aishah was asked: Did you not see (i. e. known) the statement of Fatimah? She replied: It is not good for her to mention it (to others).

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ قِيلَلِعَائِشَةَ:‏‏‏‏ أَلَمْ تَرَيْ إِلَى قَوْلِ فَاطِمَةَ ؟ قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَا خَيْرَ لَهَا فِي ذِكْرِ ذَلِكَ.

Sulaimah bin Yasar said about leaving the house by Fathimah “That was due to her bad manners. ”

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ فِي خُرُوجِ فَاطِمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ سُوءِ الْخُلُقِ".

Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad and Sulayman ibn Yasar reported: Yahya ibn Saeed ibn al-As divorced the daughter of Abdur-Rahman ibn al-Hakam absolutely. Abdur-Rahman shifted her (from there). Aishah sent a message to Marwan ibn al-Hakam who was the governor of Madina, and said to him: Fear Allah, and return the woman to her home. Marwan said (according to Sulayman's version): Abdur-Rahman forced me. Marwan said (according to the version of al-Qasim): Did not the case of Fatimah daughter of Qays reach you? Aishah replied: There would be no harm to you if you did not make mention of the tradition of Fatimah. Marwan said: If you think that it was due to some evil (i. e. reason), then it is sufficient for you to see that there is also an evil between the two.

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَالِكٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُمَا يَذْكُرَانِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ طَلَّقَ بِنْتَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الْبَتَّةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَانْتَقَلَهَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَرْسَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا إِلَى مَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَهُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمَدِينَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَتْ لَهُ:‏‏‏‏ "اتَّقِ اللَّهَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَارْدُدِ الْمَرْأَةَ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ فِي حَدِيثِ سُلَيْمَانَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ غَلَبَنِي"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ فِي حَدِيثِ الْقَاسِمِ:‏‏‏‏ "أَوَ مَا بَلَغَكِ شَأْنُ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ ؟"فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ:‏‏‏‏ "لَا يَضُرُّكَ أَنْ لَا تَذْكُرَ حَدِيثَ فَاطِمَةَ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنْ كَانَ بِكِ الشَّرُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَحَسْبُكِ مَا كَانَ بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ مِنَ الشَّرِّ".

Maimun bin Mihram said “I came to Median and went to Saeed bin Al Musayyab”. I said (to him) Fathimah daughter of Qais was divorced and she shifted from her house. Saeed said “This woman has perverted people. She was arrogant so she was placed with Ibn Umm Makhtum, the blind. ”

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يُونُسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ بُرْقَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مَيْمُونُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَدُفِعْتُ إِلَى سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ "فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ قَيْسٍ طُلِّقَتْ فَخَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ:‏‏‏‏ "تِلْكَ امْرَأَةٌ فَتَنَتِ النَّاسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ لَسِنَةً فَوُضِعَتْ عَلَى يَدَيْ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ الْأَعْمَى".

Jabir said “My maternal aunt was divorced by three pronouncements and she went out to cut down fruit from her palm trees. A man met her and forbade her (to go out). So she went to the Prophet ﷺ and mentioned it to him. He said “Go out, and cut down fruit from your palm trees for perhaps you may give alms (sadaqah) or do an act of kindness.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَابِرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ طُلِّقَتْ خَالَتِي ثَلَاثًا فَخَرَجَتْ تَجُدُّ نَخْلًا لَهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَقِيَهَا رَجُلٌ فَنَهَاهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ لَهَا:‏‏‏‏ "اخْرُجِي فَجُدِّي نَخْلَكِ لَعَلَّكِ أَنْ تَصَدَّقِي مِنْهُ أَوْ تَفْعَلِي خَيْرًا".

The Quranic verse “Those of you who die and leave widows should bequeath for their widows a year’s maintenance and residence was abrogated by the verse containing the laws of succession, as one-fourth or one-eighth share was prescribed for them (i. e., the widows). The waiting period for one year was also repealed as a period of four months ten days was prescribed for them.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏"وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ سورة البقرة آية 240، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَنُسِخَ ذَلِكَ بِآيَةِ الْمِيرَاثِ بِمَا فُرَضَ لَهُنَّ مِنَ الرُّبُعِ وَالثُّمُنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَنُسِخَ أَجَلُ الْحَوْلِ بِأَنْ جُعِلَ أَجَلُهَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا".