Narrated Amr bin Suhaib: On his father's authority, said that his grandfather told that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the type of transactions in which earnest money was paid. Malik said: This means, as we think--Allah better knows-that a man buys a slave or hires an animal, and he says: I give you a dinar on condition that if I give up the transaction or hire, what I gave you is yours.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَدِّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْعُرْبَانِ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ مَالِكٌ:‏‏‏‏ وَذَلِكَ فِيمَا نَرَى وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ الرَّجُلُ الْعَبْدَ أَوْ يَتَكَارَى الدَّابَّةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ أُعْطِيكَ دِينَارًا عَلَى أَنِّي إِنْ تَرَكْتُ السِّلْعَةَ أَوِ الْكِرَاءَ فَمَا أَعْطَيْتُكَ لَكَ.

Narrated Hakim ibn Hizam: Hakim asked (the Prophet): Messenger of Allah, a man comes to me and wants me to sell him something which is not in my possession. Should I buy it for him from the market? He replied: Do not sell what you do not possess.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَأْتِينِي الرَّجُلُ فَيُرِيدُ مِنِّي الْبَيْعَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي أَفَأَبْتَاعُهُ لَهُ مِنَ السُّوقِ. فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَا تَبِعْ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ".

Narrated Amr bin Suhaib: On his father's authority, said that his grandfather Abdullah bin Amr reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: The proviso of a loan combined with a sale is not allowable, nor two conditions relating to one transaction, nor profit arising from something which is not in one's charge, nor selling what is not in your possession.

حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ حَتَّى ذَكَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرٍو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "لَا يَحِلُّ سَلَفٌ وَبَيْعٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَا شَرْطَانِ فِي بَيْعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَا رِبْحُ مَا لَمْ تَضْمَنْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَا بَيْعُ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ".

Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah: I sold it, that is, camel, to the Prophet ﷺ, but I made the stipulation that I should be allowed to ride it to home. At the end he (the Prophet) said: Do you think that I made this transaction with you so that I take your camel ? Take your camel and its price; both are yours.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَامِرٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ بِعْتُهُ يَعْنِي بَعِيرَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاشْتَرَطْتُ حُمْلَانَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ:‏‏‏‏ "تُرَانِي إِنَّمَا مَاكَسْتُكَ لِأَذْهَبَ بِجَمَلِكَ خُذْ جَمَلَكَ وَثَمَنَهُ فَهُمَا لَكَ".

Narrated Uqbah ibn Amir: The Prophet ﷺ said: The contractual obligation of a slave is three days.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "عُهْدَةُ الرَّقِيقِ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ".

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Qatadah through a different chain of narrators to the same effect. This version adds: "If he finds defect (in the slave) within three days, he may return it without evidence; if he finds a defect after three days, he will be required to produce evidence that he (the slave) had the defect when he bought it. " Abu Dawud said: This explanation is from the words of Qatadah.

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ قَتَادَةَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏زَادَ إِنْ وَجَدَ دَاءً فِي الثَّلَاثِ لَيَالِي رُدَّ بِغَيْرِ بَيِّنَةٍ وَإِنْ وَجَدَ دَاءً بَعْدَ الثَّلَاثِ كُلِّفَ الْبَيِّنَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ اشْتَرَاهُ وَبِهِ هَذَا الدَّاءُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ هَذَا التَّفْسِيرُ مِنْ كَلَامِ قَتَادَةَ.

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Profit follows responsibility.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَخْلَدِ بْنِ خُفَافٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "الْخَرَاجُ بِالضَّمَانِ".

Narrated Makhlad ibn Khufaf al-Ghifari: I and some people were partners in a slave. I employed him on some work in the absence of one of the partners. He got earnings for me. He disputed me and the case of his claim to his share in the earnings to a judge, who ordered me to return the earnings (i. e. his share) to him. I then came to Urwah ibn az-Zubayr, and related the matter to him. Urwah then came to him and narrated to him a tradition from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the authority of Aishah: Profit follows responsibility.

حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَخْلَدِ بْنِ خُفَافٍ الْغِفَارِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَال:‏‏‏‏ "كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ أُنَاسٍ شَرِكَةٌ فِي عَبْدٍ فَاقْتَوَيْتُهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَبَعْضُنَا غَائِبٌ فَأَغَلَّ عَلَيَّ غَلَّةً فَخَاصَمَنِي فِي نَصِيبِهِ إِلَى بَعْضِ الْقُضَاةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَرُدَّ الْغَلَّةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَيْتُ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَاهُ عُرْوَةُ فَحَدَّثَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "الْخَرَاجُ بِالضَّمَانِ".

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: A man bought a slave, and he remained with him as long as Allah wished him to remain. He then found defect in him. He brought his dispute with him to the Prophet ﷺ and he returned him to him. The man said: Messenger of Allah, my slave earned some wages. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said: Profit follows responsibility. Abu Dawud said: This chain of narrators (of this version) is not reliable.

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الزَّنْجِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْعَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏"أَنَّ رَجُلًا ابْتَاعَ غُلَامًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَهُ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُقِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ وَجَدَ بِهِ عَيْبًا فَخَاصَمَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَرَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَدِ اسْتَغَلَّ غُلَامِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ الْخَرَاجُ بِالضَّمَانِ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ لَيْسَ بِذَاكَ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Masud: Muhammad ibn al-Ashath said: Al-Ashath bought slaves of booty from Abdullah ibn Masud for twenty thousand (dirhams. Abdullah asked him for payment of their price. He said: I bought them for ten thousand (dirhams). Abdullah said: Appoint a man who may adjudicate between me and you. Al-Ashath said: (I appoint) you between me and yourself. Abdullah said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: If both parties in a business transaction differ (on the price of an article), and they have witness between them, the statement of the owner of the article will be accepted (as correct) or they may annul the transaction.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ فَارِسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي عُمَيْسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَدِّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ اشْتَرَى الْأَشْعَثُ رَقِيقًا مِنْ رَقِيقِ الْخُمْسِ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بِعِشْرِينَ أَلْفًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَرْسَلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْهِ فِي ثَمَنِهِمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّمَا أَخَذْتُهُمْ بِعَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ. فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ:‏‏‏‏ فَاخْتَرْ رَجُلًا يَكُونُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ الْأَشْعَثُ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْتَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ نَفْسِكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ:‏‏‏‏ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ "إِذَا اخْتَلَفَ الْبَيِّعَانِ وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَيِّنَةٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَهُوَ مَا يَقُولُ رَبُّ السِّلْعَةِ أَوْ يَتَتَارَكَانِ".