Ibn Awn said “I wrote to Nafi asking him about summoning the polytheists (to Islam) at the time of fighting. So, he wrote to me “This was in the early days of Islam. The Prophet of Allaah ﷺ attacked Banu Al Mustaliq while they were inattentive and their cattle were drinking water. So their fighters were killed and the survivors (i. e., women and children) were taken prisoners. On that day Juwairiyyah daughter of Al Harith was obtained. Abd Allaah narrated this to me, he was in that army. ” Abu Dawud said “This is a good tradition narrtted by Ibn Awn from Nafi and no one shared him in narrating it.

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى نَافِعٍ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ دُعَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عِنْدَ الْقِتَالِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَقَدْ أَغَارَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَهُمْ غَارُّونَ وَأَنْعَامُهُمْ تُسْقَى عَلَى الْمَاءِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتَهُمْ وَسَبَى سَبْيَهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَصَابَ يَوْمَئِذٍ جُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي بِذَلِكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَكَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْجَيْشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ نَبِيلٌ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ وَلَمْ يُشْرِكْهُ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ.

Anas said “The Prophet ﷺ used to attack at the time of the dawn prayer and hear. If he heard a call to prayer, he would refrain from them, otherwise would attack (them).

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا ثَابِتٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ يُغِيرُ عِنْدَ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَانَ يَتَسَمَّعُ فَإِذَا سَمِعَ أَذَانًا أَمْسَكَ وَإِلَّا أَغَارَ.

Narrated Isam al-Muzani: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us in a detachment and said (to us): If you see a mosque or hear a muadhdhin (calling to prayer), do not kill anyone.

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ مُسَاحِقٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عِصَامٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ مَسْجِدًا أَوْ سَمِعْتُمْ مُؤَذِّنًا فَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَحَدًا".

Jabir reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying “War is deception. ”

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرٍو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "الْحَرْبُ خُدَعَةٌ".

Narrated Kab ibn Malik: When the Prophet ﷺ intended to go on an expedition, he always pretended to be going somewhere else, and he would say: War is deception. Abu Dawud said: Only Mamar has transmitted this tradition. By this he refers to his statement "War is deception" through this chain of narrators. He narrated it from the tradition of Amr bin Dinar from Jabir, and from the tradition of Mamar from Hammam bin Munabbih on the authority of Abu Hurairah.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ ثَوْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ غَزْوَةً وَرَّى غَيْرَهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَانَ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ "الْحَرْبُ خَدْعَةٌ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ لَمْ يَجِئْ بِهِ إِلَّا مَعْمَرٌ يُرِيدُ قَوْلَهُ الْحَرْبُ خَدْعَةٌ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ إِنَّمَا يُرْوَى مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَابِرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَمِنْ حَدِيثِ مَعْمَرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ.

Narrated Salamah ibn al-Akwa: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ appointed Abu Bakr our commander and we fought with some people who were polytheists, and we attacked them at night, killing them. Our war-cry that night was "put to death; put to death. " Salamah said: I killed that night with my hand polytheists belonging to seven houses.

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَبُو عَامِرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا إِيَاسُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَمَّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْنَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَغَزَوْنَا نَاسًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَبَيَّتْنَاهُمْ نَقْتُلُهُمْ وَكَانَ شِعَارُنَا تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ أَمِتْ أَمِتْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ سَلَمَةُ:‏‏‏‏ فَقَتَلْتُ بِيَدِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ سَبْعَةَ أَهْلِ أَبْيَاتٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ.

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to keep to the rear when travelling and urge on the weak. He would take someone up behind him and make supplication for them all.

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ شَوْكَرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَخَلَّفُ فِي الْمَسِيرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَيُزْجِي الضَّعِيفَ وَيُرْدِفُ وَيَدْعُو لَهُمْ.

Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying “ I am commanded to fight with men till they testify that there is no god but Allaah, when they do that they will keep their life and property safe from me, except what is due to them. (i. e., life and property) and their reckoning will be at Allaah’s hands. ”

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَال:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا مَنَعُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى".

Narrated Anas ibn Malik: The Prophet ﷺ said: I am commanded to fight with men till they testify that there is no god but Allah, and that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger, face our qiblah (direction of prayer), eat what we slaughter, and pray like us. When they do that, their life and property are unlawful for us except what is due to them. They will have the same rights as the Muslims have, and have the same responsibilities as the Muslims have.

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الطَّالْقَانِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَأَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلُوا قِبْلَتَنَا وَأَنْ يَأْكُلُوا ذَبِيحَتَنَا وَأَنْ يُصَلُّوا صَلَاتَنَا فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْنَا دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا لَهُمْ مَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَعَلَيْهِمْ مَا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ".

Anas bin Malik reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying “ I am commanded to fight with the polytheists. The rest of the tradition is to the same effect as mentioned above. ”

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْمَهْرِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الطَّوِيلِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِمَعْنَاهُ".