Narrated Ali ibn Abu Talib: (At the battle of Badr) Utbah ibn Rabiah came forward followed by his son and his brother and cried out: Who will be engaged in single combat? Some young men of the Helpers responded to his call. He asked: Who are you? They told him. He said: We do not want you; we, in fact, want only our cousins. The Prophet ﷺ said: Get up Hamzah get up Ali; get up Ubaydah ibn al-Harith. Hamzah went forward to Utbah, I went forward to Shaybah; and after two blows had been exchanged between Ubaydah and al-Walid, they wounded one another severely; so we turned against al-Walid and killed him, and we carried Ubaydah away.

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ مُضَرِّبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ تَقَدَّمَ يَعْنِي عُتْبَةَ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَتَبِعَهُ ابْنُهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَأَخُوهُ فَنَادَى مَنْ يُبَارِزُ فَانْتَدَبَ لَهُ شَبَابٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ مَنْ أَنْتُمْ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِيكُمْ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْنَا بَنِي عَمِّنَا فقال النبي صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "قُمْ يَا حَمْزَةُ قُمْ يَا عَلِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قُمْ يَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَقْبَلَ حَمْزَةُ إِلَى عُتْبَةَ وَأَقْبَلْتُ إِلَى شَيْبَةَ وَاخْتُلِفَ بَيْنَ عُبَيْدَةَ والْوَلِيدِ ضَرْبَتَانِ فَأَثْخَنَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ مِلْنَا عَلَى الْوَلِيدِ فَقَتَلْنَاهُ وَاحْتَمَلْنَا عُبَيْدَةَ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Masud: The Prophet ﷺ said: The most merciful of the people in respect of killing are believers (in Allah).

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَزِيَادُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَا:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا مُغِيرَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ شِبَاكٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ هُنَيِّ بْنِ نُوَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "أَعَفُّ النَّاسِ قِتْلَةً أَهْلُ الْإِيمَانِ".

Narrated Samurah ibn Jundub: Al-Hayyaj ibn Imran ibn Husayn reported that a slave of Imran ran away. He took a vow to Allah that if he overpowers him, he will cut off his head. He then sent me (to Samurah ibn Jundub) to ask him about this question for him. I came to Samurah ibn Jundub and asked him. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to exhort us to give alms (sadaqah) and forbid us to mutilate (a slain). I then came to Imran ibn Husayn and asked him. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to exhort us to give alms (sadaqah) and forbid us to mutilate (a slain).

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْحَسَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْهَيَّاجِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ عِمْرَانَ أَبَقَ لَهُ غُلَامٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَجَعَلَ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لَئِنْ قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَقْطَعَنَّ يَدَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَرْسَلَنِي لِأَسْأَلَ لَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَيْتُ سَمُرَةَ بْنَ جُنْدُبٍفَسَأَلْتُهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحُثُّنَا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ وَيَنْهَانَا عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَيْتُ عِمْرَانَ بْنَ حُصَيْنٍفَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحُثُّنَا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ وَيَنْهَانَا عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ.

Abd Allaah bin (Masud) said “A woman was found slain in one of the battles of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade to kill women and children.

حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقُتَيْبَةُ يَعْنِي ابْن سعيدَ قَالَا:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ امْرَأَةً وُجِدَتْ فِي بَعْضِ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَقْتُولَةً، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَنْكَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"قَتْلَ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ".

Narrated Rabah ibn Rabi: When we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on an expedition, he saw some people collected together over something and sent a man and said: See, what are these people collected around? He then came and said: They are round a woman who has been killed. He said: This is not one with whom fighting should have taken place. Khalid ibn al-Walid was in charge of the van; so he sent a man and said: Tell Khalid not to kill a woman or a hired servant.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْمُرَقَّعِ بْنِ صَيْفِيِّ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَبَاحِ بْنِ رَبِيعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةٍ فَرَأَى النَّاسَ مُجْتَمِعِينَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَبَعَثَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ انْظُرْ عَلَامَ اجْتَمَعَ هَؤُلَاءِ ؟ فَجَاءَ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ قَتِيلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ مَا كَانَتْ هَذِهِ لِتُقَاتِلَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ وَعَلَى الْمُقَدِّمَةِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَبَعَثَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قُلْ لِخَالِدٍ لَا يَقْتُلَنَّ امْرَأَةً وَلَا عَسِيفًا.

Narrated Samurah ibn Jundub: The Prophet ﷺ said: Kill the old men who are polytheists, but spare their children.

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْحَسَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "اقْتُلُوا شُيُوخَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَاسْتَبْقُوا شَرْخَهُمْ".

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: No woman of Banu Qurayzah was killed except one. She was with me, talking and laughing on her back and belly (extremely), while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was killing her people with the swords. Suddenly a man called her name: Where is so-and-so? She said: I I asked: What is the matter with you? She said: I did a new act. She said: The man took her and beheaded her. She said: I will not forget that she was laughing extremely although she knew that she would be killed.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاق، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ لَمْ يُقْتَلْ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ تَعْنِي بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ إِلَّا امْرَأَةٌ إِنَّهَا لَعِنْدِي تُحَدِّثُ تَضْحَكُ ظَهْرًا وَبَطْنًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يقتل رجالهم بالسيوف، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إذ هتف هاتف باسمها أين فلانة ؟ قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ أَنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ وَمَا شَأْنُكِ ؟ قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَثٌ أَحْدَثْتُهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَتْ:‏‏‏‏ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهَا فَضُرِبَتْ عُنُقُهَا فَمَا أَنْسَى عَجَبًا مِنْهَا أَنَّهَا تَضْحَكُ ظَهْرًا وَبَطْنًا وَقَدْ عَلِمَتْ أَنَّهَا تُقْتَلُ".

Al Sab bin Jaththamah said that he asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the polytheists whose settlemnst were attacked at night when some of their offspring and women were smitten. The Prophet ﷺ “They are of them. Amr bin Dinar used to say “they are regarded in the same way as their parents. ” Al-Zuhri said: Thereafter the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited to kill women and children.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ السَّرْحِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الصَّعْبِ ابْنِ جَثَّامَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الدَّارِ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يُبَيَّتُونَ فَيُصَابُ مِنْ ذَرَارِيِّهِمْ وَنِسَائِهِمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "هُمْ مِنْهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَانَ عَمْرٌو يَعْنِي ابْنَ دِينَارٍ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ هُمْ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ:‏‏‏‏ ثُمَّ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ"عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ".

Narrated Hamzah al-Aslami: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ appointed him commander over a detachment. He said: I went out along with it. He (the Prophet) said: If you find so-and-so, burn him with the fire. I then turned away, and he called me. So I returned to him, and he said: If you find so-and-so, kill him, and do not burn him, for no one punishes with fire except the Lord of the fire.

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا مُغِيرَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِزَامِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَى سَرِيَّةٍ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَخَرَجْتُ فِيهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ فُلَانًا فَأَحْرِقُوهُ بِالنَّارِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَوَلَّيْتُ فَنَادَانِي فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ فُلَانًا فَاقْتُلُوهُ وَلَا تُحْرِقُوهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُعَذِّبُ بِالنَّارِ إِلَّا رَبُّ النَّارِ".

Abu Hurairah said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us along with a contingent, and said: If you find so-and-so. He then narrated the rest of the tradition to the same effect.

حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقُتَيْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أن الليث بن سعد. حدثهم عَنْ بُكَيْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بَعْثٍ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ.