Narrated Ali ibn Abu Talib: A Jewess used to abuse the Prophet ﷺ and disparage him. A man strangled her till she died. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared that no recompense was payable for her blood.

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏"أَنَّ يَهُودِيَّةً كَانَتْ تَشْتُمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَتَقَعُ فِيهِ فَخَنَقَهَا رَجُلٌ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ فَأَبْطَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَمَهَا".

Narrated Abu Bakr: Abu Barzah said: I was with Abu Bakr. He became angry at a man and uttered hot words. I said: Do you permit me, Caliph of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, that I cut off his neck? These words of mine removed his anger; he stood and went in. He then sent for me and said: What did you say just now? I said: (I had said: ) Permit me that I cut off his neck. He said: Would you do it if I ordered you? I said: Yes. He said: No, I swear by Allah, this is not allowed for any man after Muhammad ﷺ. Abu Dawud said: This is Yazid's version. Ahmad bin Hanbal said: That is, Abu Bakr has no powers to slay a man except for three reasons which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had mentioned: disbelief after belief, fornication after marriage, or killing a man without (murdering) any man by him. The Prophet ﷺ had powers to kill.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يُونُسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. ح وَحَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَنُصَيْرُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَا:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ زُرَيْعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُطَرِّفٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي بَرْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَتَغَيَّظَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ تَأْذَنُ لِي يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَضْرِبُ عُنُقَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَأَذْهَبَتْ كَلِمَتِي غَضَبَهُ فَقَامَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَدَخَلَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ مَا الَّذِي قُلْتَ آنِفًا ؟ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ ائْذَنْ لِي أَضْرِبُ عُنُقَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَكُنْتَ فَاعِلًا لَوْ أَمَرْتُكَ ؟ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ نَعَمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَا وَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَتْ لِبَشَرٍ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ هَذَا لَفْظُ يَزِيدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ:‏‏‏‏ أَيْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ رَجُلًا إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى الثَّلَاثِ الَّتِي قَالَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ كُفْرٌ بَعْدَ إِيمَانٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَوْ زِنًا بَعْدَ إِحْصَانٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَوْ قَتْلُ نَفْسٍ بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ.

Anas bin Malik said: Some people of ‘Ukl or ‘Urainah’ came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and found Madinah unhealthy. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered them to go to the camels (of the sadaqah) and ordered them to drink some of their urine and milk. They went there when they became well, they killed the herdsman of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and drove off the camels. The news about them reached the prophet ﷺ early in the morning. So he sent people in pursuit of them, and they were brought when they day had risen high. He ordered and their hands and feet were cut off and nails were drawn into their eyes, and they were thrown out of Harrah. They begged for water but were not supplied water. Abu Qilabah said: They were people who had stolen, killed, apostatized after their faith and fought against Allah and his Messenger ﷺ.

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ قَوْمًا مِنْ عُكْلٍ أَوْ قَالَ مِنْ عُرَيْنَةَ قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاجْتَوَوْا الْمَدِينَةَ"فَأَمَرَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلِقَاحٍ وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَشْرَبُوا مِنْ أَبْوَالِهَا وَأَلْبَانِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَانْطَلَقُوا فَلَمَّا صَحُّوا قَتَلُوا رَاعِيَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاسْتَاقُوا النَّعَمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَبَلَغَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَبَرُهُمْ مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي آثَارِهِمْ فَمَا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ حَتَّى جِيءَ بِهِمْ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمْ فَقُطِعَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُمْ وَسُمِرَ أَعْيُنُهُمْ وَأُلْقُوا فِي الْحَرَّةِ يَسْتَسْقُونَ فَلَا يُسْقَوْنَ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ:‏‏‏‏ فَهَؤُلَاءِ قَوْمٌ سَرَقُوا وَقَتَلُوا وَكَفَرُوا بَعْدَ إِيمَانِهِمْ وَحَارَبُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ.

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by the narrator Ayyub through different chain. This version has: So he (the prophet) order nails to be heated and had them blinded with them, and he had their hands and feet cut off, and did not cauterise them to stop the flow of blood.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏بِإِسْنَادِهِ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فِيهِ:‏‏‏‏ فَأَمَرَ بِمَسَامِيرَ فَأُحْمِيَتْ فَكَحَلَهُمْ وَقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ وَمَا حَسَمَهُمْ.

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Anas. bin Malik through a different chain of narrators. This version says: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent some people who were experts in tracking in pursuit of them and they were brought (to him). Allah, the Exalted, then revealed the verse about it: “ The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and his Messenger and strive for mischief through the land.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنَا. ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْيَحْيَى يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ فِيهِ:‏‏‏‏ فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي طَلَبِهِمْ قَافَةً فَأُتِيَ بِهِمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا جَزَاءُ الَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الأَرْضِ فَسَادًا سورة المائدة آية 33 الْآيَةَ.

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Anas. bin Malik through a different chain of narrators. This version has: Anas said: I saw one of them biting the earth with this mouth (teeth) on account of thirst and this they died.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا ثَابِتٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَتَادَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَحُمَيْدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ذَكَرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَأَنَسٌ:‏‏‏‏ فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَهُمْ يَكْدِمُ الْأَرْضَ بِفِيهِ عَطَشًا حَتَّى مَاتُوا.

A similar tradition has also been transmitted by Anas bin Malik through a different chain of narrators. This version adds: He then forbade disfiguring. This version does not mention the words “ from opposite sides”. This tradition has been narrated by Shubah from Qatadah and Salam bin Miskin from Thabit on the authority of Anas. They did not mention the words “from opposite side”. I did not find these words “their hands and feet were cut off from opposite sides”. In any version except in the version of Hammad bin Salamah.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ هِشَامٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ قَتَادَةَ،‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ نَحْوَهُ زَادَ ثُمَّ نَهَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ وَرَوَاهُ شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَسَلَّامُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ثَابِتٍ جَمِيعًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَنَسٍ لَمْ يَذْكُرَا مِنْ خِلَافٍ وَلَمْ أَجِدْ فِي حَدِيثِ أَحَدٍ قَطَّعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ إِلَّا فِي حَدِيثِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: Some people raided the camels of the Prophet ﷺ, drove them off, and apostatised. They killed the herdsman of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who was a believer. He (the Prophet) sent (people) in pursuit of them and they were caught. He had their hands and feet cut off, and their eyes put out. The verse regarding fighting against Allah and His Prophet ﷺ was then revealed. These were the people about whom Anas ibn Malik informed al-Hajjaj when he asked him.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرٌو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلَالٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْعَبِدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ،‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَحْمَدُ هُوَ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ"أَنَّ نَاسًا أَغَارُوا عَلَى إِبِلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَاسْتَاقُوهَا وَارْتَدُّوا عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَقَتَلُوا رَاعِيَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُؤْمِنًا فَبَعَثَ فِي آثَارِهِمْ فَأُخِذُوا فَقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ وَسَمَلَ أَعْيُنَهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ وَنَزَلَتْ فِيهِمْ آيَةُ الْمُحَارَبَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَهُمُ الَّذِينَ أَخْبَرَ عَنْهُمْ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْحَجَّاجَ حِينَ سَأَلَهُ".

Narrated Abuz Zinad: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ cut off (the hands and feet of) those who had stolen his camels and he had their eyes put out by fire (heated nails), Allah reprimanded him on that (action), and Allah, the Exalted, revealed: "The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is execution or crucifixion. "

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ السَّرْحِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنِي اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ:‏‏‏‏ "أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا قَطَّعَ الَّذِينَ سَرَقُوا لِقَاحَهُ وَسَمَلَ أَعْيُنَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ عَاتَبَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّمَا جَزَاءُ الَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَنْ يُقَتَّلُوا أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوا سورة المائدة آية 33 الْآيَةَ".

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The verse "The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite side or exile from the land. . . most merciful" was revealed about polytheists. If any of them repents before they are arrested, it does not prevent from inflicting on him the prescribed punishment which he deserves.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنَّمَا جَزَاءُ الَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَنْ يُقَتَّلُوا أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوا أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُمْ مِنْ خِلافٍ أَوْ يُنْفَوْا مِنَ الأَرْضِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ سورة المائدة آية 33 ـ 34 نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَمَنْ تَابَ مِنْهُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْدَرَ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يُقَامَ فِيهِ الْحَدُّ الَّذِي أَصَابَهُ".