Sulaiman bin Yasar narrated that Abu Salamah bin 'Abdur-Rahman and Ibn 'Abbas met in the house of Abu Hurairah, and they were talking about a woman who gives birth a few days after her husband has died. Ibn 'Abbas said: "Her 'Iddah is the longer of the two periods." Abu Salamah said: "Her 'Iddah is over." They started to dispute about that. Then Abu Hurairah said: "I am with my nephew" - meaning Abu Salamah. So they sent Kuraib, the freed slave of Ibn 'Abbas, to Umm Salamah to ask her about that. He came to them and told them that Umm Salamah said: "Subai'ah Al-Aslamiyyah gave birth a few days after her husband died, and she mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), who told her to get married."

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى الْعَنَزِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ أَخْبَرَنِى سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ أَنَّ أَبَا سَلَمَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ اجْتَمَعَا عِنْدَ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ وَهُمَا يَذْكُرَانِ الْمَرْأَةَ تُنْفَسُ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِلَيَالٍ. فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عِدَّتُهَا آخِرُ الأَجَلَيْنِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ قَدْ حَلَّتْ. فَجَعَلاَ يَتَنَازَعَانِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَا مَعَ ابْنِ أَخِى - يَعْنِى أَبَا سَلَمَةَ - فَبَعَثُوا كُرَيْبًا - مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ يَسْأَلُهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَجَاءَهُمْ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ إِنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ الأَسْلَمِيَّةَ نُفِسَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِلَيَالٍ وَإِنَّهَا ذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ.

It was narrated from Humaid bin Nafi', from Zainab bint Abi Salamah, that she told him these three Ahadith. He said: "Zainab said: 'I entered upon Umm Habibah, the wife of the Prophet (s.a.w), when her father Abu Sufyan died. Umm Habibah called for some perfume that had a yellowish color, Khaluq or something else, and she put some of it on a girl, then she wiped her cheeks with it and said: "By Allah, I have no need of perfume, but I heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) saying on the Minbar: 'It is not permissible for a women who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for more than three days for anyone who dies, except for a husband; four months and ten days."'

وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِى بَكْرٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ عَنْ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ أَبِى سَلَمَةَ أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ هَذِهِ الأَحَادِيثَ الثَّلاَثَةَ قَالَ قَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- حِينَ تُوُفِّىَ أَبُوهَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَدَعَتْ أُمُّ حَبِيبَةَ بِطِيبٍ فِيهِ صُفْرَةٌ خَلُوقٌ أَوْ غَيْرُهُ فَدَهَنَتْ مِنْهُ جَارِيَةً ثُمَّ مَسَّتْ بِعَارِضَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ وَاللَّهِ مَا لِى بِالطِّيبِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرَ أَنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَقُولُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ « لاَ يَحِلُّ لاِمْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ تُحِدُّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلاَثٍ إِلاَّ عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا ».

Zainab said: "I heard my mother Umm Salamah say: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, my daughter's husband has died, and she has trouble in her eye; can we apply kohl for her?" The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "No," two or three times, then he said: "It is only four months and ten days. During the Jahiliyyah one of you would throw a piece of dung at the end of one year."

قَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ سَمِعْتُ أُمِّى أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ تَقُولُ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ابْنَتِى تُوُفِّىَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَقَدِ اشْتَكَتْ عَيْنُهَا أَفَنَكْحُلُهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « لاَ ». مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاَثًا كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ لاَ ثُمَّ قَالَ « إِنَّمَا هِىَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٌ وَقَدْ كَانَتْ إِحْدَاكُنَّ فِى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ تَرْمِى بِالْبَعَرَةِ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْحَوْلِ ».

Humaid said: "I said to Zainab: 'What is this throwing a piece of dung at the end of one year? Zainab said: 'If a woman's husband died, she would go into a hut and wear her worst clothes, and she would not put on perfume or anything until one year had passed. Then an animal would be brought - a donkey or a sheep or a bird - she would rub her hands over it, and rarely did (such a woman) rub her hands over anything but it died. Then she would be given a piece of dung which she would throw, then she would go back to whatever she wanted to of perfume and other things."'

قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ قُلْتُ لِزَيْنَبَ وَمَا تَرْمِى بِالْبَعَرَةِ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْحَوْلِ فَقَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ إِذَا تُوُفِّىَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا دَخَلَتْ حِفْشًا وَلَبِسَتْ شَرَّ ثِيَابِهَا وَلَمْ تَمَسَّ طِيبًا وَلاَ شَيْئًا حَتَّى تَمُرَّ بِهَا سَنَةٌ ثُمَّ تُؤْتَى بِدَابَّةٍ حِمَارٍ أَوْ شَاةٍ أَوْ طَيْرٍ فَتَفْتَضُّ بِهِ فَقَلَّمَا تَفْتَضُّ بِشَىْءٍ إِلاَّ مَاتَ ثُمَّ تَخْرُجُ فَتُعْطَى بَعَرَةً فَتَرْمِى بِهَا ثُمَّ تُرَاجِعُ بَعْدُ مَا شَاءَتْ مِنْ طِيبٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ.

It was narrated that Humaid bin Nafi' said: "I heard Zainab, the daughter of Umm Salamah, narrating from her mother, that a woman's husband died, and they were worried about her (diseased) eye. They came to the Prophet (s.a.w) and asked him for permission to use kohl, and the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'One of you used to stay in the worst part of her house, in her worst garments' - or 'in her worst garments in her house - for a year, then if a dog passed by she would throw a piece of dung and then come out. Isn't it only four months and ten days?"'

وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ تُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أُمِّهَا أَنَّ امْرَأَةً تُوُفِّىَ زَوْجُهَا فَخَافُوا عَلَى عَيْنِهَا فَأَتَوُا النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَاسْتَأْذَنُوهُ فِى الْكُحْلِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « قَدْ كَانَتْ إِحْدَاكُنَّ تَكُونُ فِى شَرِّ بَيْتِهَا فِى أَحْلاَسِهَا - أَوْ فِى شَرِّ أَحْلاَسِهَا فِى بَيْتِهَا - حَوْلاً فَإِذَا مَرَّ كَلْبٌ رَمَتْ بِبَعَرَةٍ فَخَرَجَتْ أَفَلاَ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا ».

It was narrated from Humaid bin Nafi' that he heard Zainab bint Abi Salamah narrate that Umm Salamah and Umm Habibah mentioned that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) and told him that the husband of a daughter of hers had died, and she had a problem in her eye and wanted to use kohl. The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "One of you used to throw a piece of dung at the end of a year. It is only four months and ten days."

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ وَعَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ أَبِى سَلَمَةَ تُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَأُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ تَذْكُرَانِ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَذَكَرَتْ لَهُ أَنَّ بِنْتًا لَهَا تُوُفِّىَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا فَاشْتَكَتْ عَيْنُهَا فَهْىَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَكْحُلَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « قَدْ كَانَتْ إِحْدَاكُنَّ تَرْمِى بِالْبَعَرَةِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ الْحَوْلِ وَإِنَّمَا هِىَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٌ ».

It was narrated from Umm 'Atiyyah that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) §laid: "No woman should mourn for more than three days for anyone who dies, except for her husband; four months and ten days, when she should not wear any dyed clothes except a garment made of Asb, and she should not put on kohl or perfume except in the case of purifying herself after menses, when she may use a little Qust or Azfar."

وَحَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ حَفْصَةَ عَنْ أُمِّ عَطِيَّةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « لاَ تُحِدُّ امْرَأَةٌ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلاَثٍ إِلاَّ عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا وَلاَ تَلْبَسُ ثَوْبًا مَصْبُوغًا إِلاَّ ثَوْبَ عَصْبٍ وَلاَ تَكْتَحِلُ وَلاَ تَمَسُّ طِيبًا إِلاَّ إِذَا طَهُرَتْ نُبْذَةً مِنْ قُسْطٍ أَوْ أَظْفَارٍ ».

It was narrated that Umm 'Atiyyah said: "We were forbidden to mourn for more than three days for anyone who dies, except for a husband, four months and ten days, when we were not to put on kohl or perfume, or wear dyed garments. But a concession was granted to a woman when she purifies herself - when one of us washed herself (Ghusl) following menses -to use a little Qust or Azfar."

وَحَدَّثَنِى أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الزَّهْرَانِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ حَفْصَةَ عَنْ أُمِّ عَطِيَّةَ قَالَتْ كُنَّا نُنْهَى أَنْ نُحِدَّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلاَثٍ إِلاَّ عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا وَلاَ نَكْتَحِلُ وَلاَ نَتَطَيَّبُ وَلاَ نَلْبَسُ ثَوْبًا مَصْبُوغًا وَقَدْ رُخِّصَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ فِى طُهْرِهَا إِذَا اغْتَسَلَتْ إِحْدَانَا مِنْ مَحِيضِهَا فِى نُبْذَةٍ مِنْ قُسْطٍ وَأَظْفَارٍ.