It was narrated from Abu Dharr that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "O Abu Dharr. I think that you are weak, and I love for you what I love for myself. Do not take a position of authority over even two persons, and do not take care of the property of an orphan."

حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ كِلاَهُمَا عَنِ الْمُقْرِئِ قَالَ زُهَيْرٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِى أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِى جَعْفَرٍ الْقُرَشِىِّ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِى سَالِمٍ الْجَيْشَانِىِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِى ذَرٍّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ إِنِّى أَرَاكَ ضَعِيفًا وَإِنِّى أُحِبُّ لَكَ مَا أُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِى لاَ تَأَمَّرَنَّ عَلَى اثْنَيْنِ وَلاَ تَوَلَّيَنَّ مَالَ يَتِيمٍ ».

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin 'Amr that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "Those who are fair and just will be near to Allah on thrones of light, at the Right Hand of the Most Merciful, Glorified and Exalted is He, and both of His Hands are Right, those who are fair and just in their rulings and towards their families and those who are under their authority."

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ عَمْرٍو - يَعْنِى ابْنَ دِينَارٍ - عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَوْسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَفِى حَدِيثِ زُهَيْرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « إِنَّ الْمُقْسِطِينَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَنَابِرَ مِنْ نُورٍ عَنْ يَمِينِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَكِلْتَا يَدَيْهِ يَمِينٌ الَّذِينَ يَعْدِلُونَ فِى حُكْمِهِمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ وَمَا وَلُوا ».

It was narrated that 'Abdur-Rahman bin Shumasah said: "I went to 'Aishah and asked her about something. She said: 'Where are you from?' I said: 'I am a man from Egypt.' She said: 'How was your commander with you in this war of yours?' He said: 'We did not experience anything bad from him. If a man's camel died, he would give him a camel, and if his slave died, he would give him a slave; if he needed basic provisions, he would give him basic provisions.' She said: 'What has happened to my brother, Muhammad bin Abi Bakr, does not prevent me from telling you what I heard from the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), which he said in this house of mine: (He (s.a.w) said:) "O Allah, whoever attains any position of authority among my Ummah and is harsh towards them, be harsh towards him, and whoever attains any position of authority among my Ummah and is kind towards them, be kind towards him."'

حَدَّثَنِى هَارُونُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الأَيْلِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ حَدَّثَنِى حَرْمَلَةُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ شُمَاسَةَ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ عَائِشَةَ أَسْأَلُهَا عَنْ شَىْءٍ فَقَالَتْ مِمَّنْ أَنْتَ فَقُلْتُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ. فَقَالَتْ كَيْفَ كَانَ صَاحِبُكُمْ لَكُمْ فِى غَزَاتِكُمْ هَذِهِ فَقَالَ مَا نَقَمْنَا مِنْهُ شَيْئًا إِنْ كَانَ لَيَمُوتُ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنَّا الْبَعِيرُ فَيُعْطِيهِ الْبَعِيرَ وَالْعَبْدُ فَيُعْطِيهِ الْعَبْدَ وَيَحْتَاجُ إِلَى النَّفَقَةِ فَيُعْطِيهِ النَّفَقَةَ فَقَالَتْ أَمَا إِنَّهُ لاَ يَمْنَعُنِى الَّذِى فَعَلَ فِى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِى بَكْرٍ أَخِى أَنْ أُخْبِرَكَ مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَقُولُ فِى بَيْتِى هَذَا « اللَّهُمَّ مَنْ وَلِىَ مِنْ أَمْرِ أُمَّتِى شَيْئًا فَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَاشْقُقْ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ وَلِىَ مِنْ أَمْرِ أُمَّتِى شَيْئًا فَرَفَقَ بِهِمْ فَارْفُقْ بِهِ ».

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet (s.a.w) said: "Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock. The ruler of the people is a shepherd and is responsible for his flock. A man is the shepherd of his household and is responsible for his flock. A woman is the shepherd of her husband's house and children and is responsible for her flock. The slave is the shepherd of his master's wealth and is responsible for it. Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock."

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَنَّهُ قَالَ « أَلاَ كُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ فَالأَمِيرُ الَّذِى عَلَى النَّاسِ رَاعٍ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ وَالرَّجُلُ رَاعٍ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُمْ وَالْمَرْأَةُ رَاعِيَةٌ عَلَى بَيْتِ بَعْلِهَا وَوَلَدِهِ وَهِىَ مَسْئُولَةٌ عَنْهُمْ وَالْعَبْدُ رَاعٍ عَلَى مَالِ سَيِّدِهِ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُ أَلاَ فَكُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ ».

It was narrated that Al-Hasan said: 'Ubaidullah bin Ziyad visited Ma'qil bin Yasar Al-Muzani during his final illness, and Ma'qil said: I am going to tell you a Hadith that I heard from the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w). If I knew that I was going to live, I would not tell it to you. I heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) say: "If Allah appoints a person to a position of authority, and on the day he dies he is being deceitful towards those under his authority, Allah will forbid Paradise to him."

وَحَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَشْهَبِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ عَادَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ مَعْقِلَ بْنَ يَسَارٍ الْمُزَنِىَّ فِى مَرَضِهِ الَّذِى مَاتَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ مَعْقِلٌ إِنِّى مُحَدِّثُكَ حَدِيثًا سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- لَوْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ لِى حَيَاةً مَا حَدَّثْتُكَ إِنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَقُولُ « مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَسْتَرْعِيهِ اللَّهُ رَعِيَّةً يَمُوتُ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَهُوَ غَاشٌّ لِرَعِيَّتِهِ إِلاَّ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ ».

It was narrated that Al-Hasan said: "Ibn Ziyad entered upon Ma'qil bin Yasar when he was sick..." a Hadith like that of Abu Al-Ash-hab (no. 4729), and he added: "He said: 'Did you not tell me this before today?' He said: 'I did not tell it to you,' or 'I was not going to tell it to you."'

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ دَخَلَ ابْنُ زِيَادٍ عَلَى مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَهُوَ وَجِعٌ. بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ أَبِى الأَشْهَبِ وَزَادَ قَالَ أَلاَّ كُنْتَ حَدَّثْتَنِى هَذَا قَبْلَ الْيَوْمِ قَالَ مَا حَدَّثْتُكَ أَوْ لَمْ أَكُنْ لأُحَدِّثَكَ.

It was narrated from Abu Al-Malih that 'Ubaidullah bin Ziyad entered upon Ma'qil bin Yasar when he was sick, and Ma'qil said to him: "I am going to tell you a Hadith; were it not that I am about to die, I would not have narrated it to you. I heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) say: 'There is no leader who has reached a position of authority over the Muslims, then he does not strive for their sake or act with sincerity towards them, but he will not enter Paradise with them."'

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو غَسَّانَ الْمِسْمَعِىُّ وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ أَخْبَرَنَا وَقَالَ الآخَرَانِ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ حَدَّثَنِى أَبِى عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِى الْمَلِيحِ أَنَّ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ زِيَادٍ دَخَلَ عَلَى مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ فِى مَرَضِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَعْقِلٌ إِنِّى مُحَدِّثُكَ بِحَدِيثٍ لَوْلاَ أَنِّى فِى الْمَوْتِ لَمْ أُحَدِّثْكَ بِهِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَقُولُ « مَا مِنْ أَمِيرٍ يَلِى أَمْرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثُمَّ لاَ يَجْهَدُ لَهُمْ وَيَنْصَحُ إِلاَّ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ مَعَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ ».

Al-Hasan narrated that 'A'idh bin 'Amr, who was one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), entered upon 'Ubaidullah bin Ziyad, and he said: "O my son, I heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) say: 'The worst of guardians are those who are cruel. Beware lest you be one of them."' So he said to him: "Sit down; you are no more than one of the chaff of the Companions of Muhammad (s.a.w)." So he said: "Was there chaff among them? Rather the chaff came after them, and among people other than them."

حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ أَنَّ عَائِذَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو - وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- - دَخَلَ عَلَى عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ فَقَالَ أَىْ بُنَىَّ إِنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَقُولُ « إِنَّ شَرَّ الرِّعَاءِ الْحُطَمَةُ فَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ ». فَقَالَ لَهُ اجْلِسْ فَإِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مِنْ نُخَالَةِ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-. فَقَالَ وَهَلْ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ نُخَالَةٌ إِنَّمَا كَانَتِ النُّخَالَةُ بَعْدَهُمْ وَفِى غَيْرِهِمْ.

It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) stood up amongst us one day and mentioned Ghulul (theft from the war spoils of war). He declared it to be an extremely serious matter, then he said: 'I should not see one of you coming on the Day of Resurrection with a groaning camel on his shoulders, saying: "O Messenger of Allah, help me!" I will say: "I cannot do anything for you. I conveyed (the message) to you." I should not see one of you coming on the Day of Resurrection with a neighing horse on his shoulders, saying: "O Messenger of Allah, help me!" I will say: "I cannot do anything for you. I conveyed (the message) to you." I should not see one of you coming on the Day of Resurrection with a bleating sheep on his shoulders, saying: "O Messenger of Allah, help me!" I will say: "I cannot do anything for you. I conveyed (the message) to you." "I should not see one of you coming on the Day of Resurrection with a person crying loudly on his shoulders, saying: "O Messenger of Allah, help me!" I will say: "I cannot do anything for you. I conveyed (the message) to you." I should not see one of you coming on the Day of Resurrection with flapping clothes on his shoulders, saying: "O Messenger of Allah, help me!" I will say: "I cannot do anything for you. I conveyed (the message) to you." I should not see one of you coming on the Day of Resurrection with a heap of gold and silver on his shoulders, saying: "O Messenger of Allah, help me!" I will say: "I cannot do anything for you. I conveyed (the message) to you."

وَحَدَّثَنِى زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِى حَيَّانَ عَنْ أَبِى زُرْعَةَ عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَامَ فِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَذَكَرَ الْغُلُولَ فَعَظَّمَهُ وَعَظَّمَ أَمْرَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ « لاَ أُلْفِيَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَجِىءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ بَعِيرٌ لَهُ رُغَاءٌ يَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَغِثْنِى. فَأَقُولُ لاَ أَمْلِكُ لَكَ شَيْئًا قَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكَ. لاَ أُلْفِيَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَجِىءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ فَرَسٌ لَهُ حَمْحَمَةٌ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَغِثْنِى. فَأَقُولُ لاَ أَمْلِكُ لَكَ شَيْئًا قَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكَ. لاَ أُلْفِيَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَجِىءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ شَاةٌ لَهَا ثُغَاءٌ يَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَغِثْنِى. فَأَقُولُ لاَ أَمْلِكُ لَكَ شَيْئًا قَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكَ. لاَ أُلْفِيَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَجِىءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ نَفْسٌ لَهَا صِيَاحٌ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَغِثْنِى. فَأَقُولُ لاَ أَمْلِكُ لَكَ شَيْئًا قَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكَ. لاَ أُلْفِيَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَجِىءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ رِقَاعٌ تَخْفِقُ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَغِثْنِى. فَأَقُولُ لاَ أَمْلِكُ لَكَ شَيْئًا قَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكَ. لاَ أُلْفِيَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَجِىءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ صَامِتٌ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَغِثْنِى فَأَقُولُ لاَ أَمْلِكُ لَكَ شَيْئًا قَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكَ ».

It was narrated that Abu Humaid As-Sa'idi said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) appointed a man in charge of collecting the Sadaqah (Zakat) from Al-Asad who was called Ibn Al-Lutbiyyah. When he came he said: 'This is for you, and this was given to me.' The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) stood up on the Minbar and praised and glorified Allah, and said: 'What is the matter with an agent whom I send, and he says: "This is for you and this was given to me?" Why doesn't he sit in the house of his father or the house of his mother and see if he is given anything or not. By the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad! None of you gets anything from it (unlawfully), but he will bring it on the Day of Resurrection, carrying it on his shoulders, even if it is a groaning camel, a lowing cow or a bleating sheep.' Then he raised his arms until we saw the whiteness of his armpits, then he said: 'O Allah, have I conveyed (the message)?' two times."

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ وَعَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ وَابْنُ أَبِى عُمَرَ - وَاللَّفْظُ لأَبِى بَكْرٍ - قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِىِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِى حُمَيْدٍ السَّاعِدِىِّ قَالَ اسْتَعْمَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- رَجُلاً مِنَ الأَسْدِ يُقَالُ لَهُ ابْنُ اللُّتْبِيَّةِ - قَالَ عَمْرٌو وَابْنُ أَبِى عُمَرَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ - فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ قَالَ هَذَا لَكُمْ وَهَذَا لِى أُهْدِىَ لِى قَالَ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ « مَا بَالُ عَامِلٍ أَبْعَثُهُ فَيَقُولُ هَذَا لَكُمْ وَهَذَا أُهْدِىَ لِى. أَفَلاَ قَعَدَ فِى بَيْتِ أَبِيهِ أَوْ فِى بَيْتِ أُمِّهِ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ أَيُهْدَى إِلَيْهِ أَمْ لاَ وَالَّذِى نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لاَ يَنَالُ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا إِلاَّ جَاءَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى عُنُقِهِ بَعِيرٌ لَهُ رُغَاءٌ أَوْ بَقَرَةٌ لَهَا خُوَارٌ أَوْ شَاةٌ تَيْعِرُ ». ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا عُفْرَتَىْ إِبْطَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ « اللَّهُمَّ هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ ». مَرَّتَيْنِ.