It was narrated that Hammam bin Munabbih said: "This is what Abu Hurairah narrated to us from the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w)," and he mentioned a number of Ahadith including the following: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'It was said to the Children of Israel: "Enter the gate (prostrating) and say: 'Hittatun' (Remove from us the burden of our sin), and We will forgive you your sins." But they changed it, and entered the gate shuffling on their backsides and said: Habbatun fi sha'rah (a grain in a hair)."

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ قَالَ هَذَا مَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-. فَذَكَرَ أَحَادِيثَ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « قِيلَ لِبَنِى إِسْرَائِيلَ (ادْخُلُوا الْبَابَ سُجَّدًا وَقُولُوا حِطَّةٌ يُغْفَرْ لَكُمْ خَطَايَاكُمْ) فَبَدَّلُوا فَدَخَلُوا الْبَابَ يَزْحَفُونَ عَلَى أَسْتَاهِهِمْ وَقَالُوا حَبَّةٌ فِى شَعَرَةٍ ».

Anas bin Malik narrated that Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, continued Revelation to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) until he died, and the most Revelation came on the day that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) died.

حَدَّثَنِى عَمْرُو بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ النَّاقِدُ وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِىٍّ الْحُلْوَانِىُّ وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ - قَالَ عَبْدٌ حَدَّثَنِى وَقَالَ الآخَرَانِ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ - يَعْنُونَ ابْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِى عَنْ صَالِحٍ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ كَيْسَانَ - عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِى أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ تَابَعَ الْوَحْىَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَبْلَ وَفَاتِهِ حَتَّى تُوُفِّىَ وَأَكْثَرُ مَا كَانَ الْوَحْىُ يَوْمَ تُوُفِّىَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-.

It was narrated from Tariq bin Shihab that the Jews said to 'Umar: "You recite a Verse which, if it had been revealed among us, we would have taken that day as a (day of) festival." 'Umar said: "I know where it was revealed, on what day it was revealed, and where the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) was when it was revealed. It was revealed in 'Arafat, when the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) was standing in 'Arafah." Sufyan said: "I am not sure whether it was a Friday or not, meaning (the Verse): ' ...This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favor upon you..."'

حَدَّثَنِى أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى - وَاللَّفْظُ لاِبْنِ الْمُثَنَّى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ مَهْدِىٍّ - حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ قَالُوا لِعُمَرَ إِنَّكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ آيَةً لَوْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِينَا لاَتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنِّى لأَعْلَمُ حَيْثُ أُنْزِلَتْ وَأَىَّ يَوْمٍ أُنْزِلَتْ وَأَيْنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- حَيْثُ أُنْزِلَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ بِعَرَفَةَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَاقِفٌ بِعَرَفَةَ. قَالَ سُفْيَانُ أَشُكُّ كَانَ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ أَمْ لاَ. يَعْنِى ( الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِى)

It was narrated that Tariq bin Shihab said: "The Jews said to 'Umar: 'If this Verse - "...This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion..." had been revealed to us Jews, we would have taken that day as a (day of) festival.' 'Umar said: 'I know the day on which it was revealed, and the hour, and where the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) was when it was revealed. It was revealed on the night of Friday, when we were with the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) in 'Arafat."'

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ - وَاللَّفْظُ لأَبِى بَكْرٍ - قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ قَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ لِعُمَرَ لَوْ عَلَيْنَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ (الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِى وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الإِسْلاَمَ دِينًا) نَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِى أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِ لاَتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا. قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِى أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِ وَالسَّاعَةَ وَأَيْنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- حِينَ نَزَلَتْ نَزَلَتْ لَيْلَةَ جَمْعٍ وَنَحْنُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بِعَرَفَاتٍ.

It was narrated that Tariq bin Shihab said: "A Jewish man came to 'Umar and said: 'O Commander of the believers, there is a Verse in your Book which you recite; if it had been revealed to us Jews, we would have taken that day as a (day of) festival.' He said: 'Which Verse?' He said: '...This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion..." 'Umar said: 'I know the day on which it was revealed, and the place in which it was revealed. It was revealed to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) in 'Arafat, on a Friday."

وَحَدَّثَنِى عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ أَخْبَرَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُمَيْسٍ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ آيَةٌ فِى كِتَابِكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَهَا لَوْ عَلَيْنَا نَزَلَتْ مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ لاَتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا. قَالَ وَأَىُّ آيَةٍ قَالَ (الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِى وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الإِسْلاَمَ دِينًا) فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنِّى لأَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِى نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ وَالْمَكَانَ الَّذِى نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ نَزَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بِعَرَفَاتٍ فِى يَوْمِ جُمُعَةٍ.

'Urwah bin Az-Zubair narrated that he asked 'Aishah about the Verse in which Allah, the Mighty and Sublime says: "And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your choice, two or three, or four..." She said: "O son of my sister, that refers to an orphan girl who is in the care of her guardian, sharing his wealth and he admires her wealth and her beauty, and her guardian wants to marry her without giving her a fair dowry or giving her what someone else would give her. So they were forbidden to marry them (such orphans) unless they were fair to them, and gave them the full amount to which they were entitled for a dowry, and they were commanded to marry other women of their choice." 'Urwah said: "Aishah said: 'Then after this verse (was revealed), the people began to ask the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) about them (orphan girls) and Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, revealed the words: "They ask your legal instruction concerning women, say: Allah instructs you about them, and about what is recited to you in the Book concerning the orphan girls whom you give not the prescribed portions (as regards dowry and inheritance) and yet whom you desire to marry..." She said: 'What Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, said to you, is what is recited to you in the Book, the first Verse in which Allah says: "And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your choice..." 'Aishah said: 'And Allah says in the second Verse: "...yet whom you desire to marry..." as you would not think of marrying an orphan girl in your care when she is lacking in wealth and beauty, so they were forbidden to marry orphan women whose wealth and beauty they desired, unless they did so fairly."'

حَدَّثَنِى أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَرْحٍ وَحَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى التُّجِيبِىُّ - قَالَ أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ حَدَّثَنَا وَقَالَ حَرْمَلَةُ أَخْبَرَنَا - ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِى يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِى عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ (وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِى الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَى وَثُلاَثَ وَرُبَاعَ) قَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِى هِىَ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِى حَجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا تُشَارِكُهُ فِى مَالِهِ فَيُعْجِبُهُ مَالُهَا وَجَمَالُهَا فَيُرِيدُ وَلِيُّهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بِغَيْرِ أَنْ يُقْسِطَ فِى صَدَاقِهَا فَيُعْطِيَهَا مِثْلَ مَا يُعْطِيهَا غَيْرُهُ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهُنَّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهُنَّ وَيَبْلُغُوا بِهِنَّ أَعْلَى سُنَّتِهِنَّ مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ وَأُمِرُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَهُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ سِوَاهُنَّ.قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ اسْتَفْتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ فِيهِنَّ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ (يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِى النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِى الْكِتَابِ فِى يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللاَّتِى لاَ تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ ). قَالَتْ وَالَّذِى ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّهُ يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِى الْكِتَابِ الآيَةُ الأُولَى الَّتِى قَالَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا (وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِى الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ ). قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَقَوْلُ اللَّهِ فِى الآيَةِ الأُخْرَى (وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ) رَغْبَةَ أَحَدِكُمْ عَنِ الْيَتِيمَةِ الَّتِى تَكُونُ فِى حَجْرِهِ حِينَ تَكُونُ قَلِيلَةَ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا رَغِبُوا فِى مَالِهَا وَجَمَالِهَا مِنْ يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ إِلاَّ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنْ أَجْلِ رَغْبَتِهِمْ عَنْهُنَّ.

'Urwah narrated that he asked 'Aishah about the Verse in which Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said: "And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls..." And he narrated a Hadith like that of Yunus from Az-Zuhri (no. 7528), at the end of which he added: "Because they would not like to marry them if they had little in the way of wealth and beauty."

وَحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِىُّ وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ جَمِيعًا عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِى عَنْ صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِى عُرْوَةُ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ (وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِى الْيَتَامَى) وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ يُونُسَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِىِّ وَزَادَ فِى آخِرِهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ رَغْبَتِهِمْ عَنْهُنَّ إِذَا كُنَّ قَلِيلاَتِ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ.

It was narrated from 'Aishah concerning the Verse in which Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, says: "And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls..." - that she said: "This was revealed concerning the man who has an orphan girl (in his care), and he is her guardian and her heir, and she has wealth but she does not have anyone to contend on her behalf. He does not want to arrange her marriage (to someone else) because of her wealth, so he harms her and mistreats her, so He said: "And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your choice..." meaning: Those whom I have made permissible for you, and leave alone this one whom you are harming."

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِى قَوْلِهِ (وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِى الْيَتَامَى) قَالَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِى الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ الْيَتِيمَةُ وَهُوَ وَلِيُّهَا وَوَارِثُهَا وَلَهَا مَالٌ وَلَيْسَ لَهَا أَحَدٌ يُخَاصِمُ دُونَهَا فَلاَ يُنْكِحُهَا لِمَالِهَا فَيَضُرُّ بِهَا وَيُسِىءُ صُحْبَتَهَا فَقَالَ (إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا فِى الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ) يَقُولُ مَا أَحْلَلْتُ لَكُمْ وَدَعْ هَذِهِ الَّتِى تَضُرُّ بِهَا.

It was narrated from 'Aishah concerning the Verse, "...And about what is recited unto you in the Book concerning the orphan girls whom you give not the prescribed portions (as regards dowry and inheritance) and yet whom you desire to marry..."' - that she said: "It was revealed concerning an orphan girl who is in the care of a man, and she shares in his wealth, and he is reluctant to marry her himself, but he does not want to give her in marriage to someone else who will share his wealth. So he prevents her from marrying, and he does not marry her himself nor give her in marriage to someone else."

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِى قَوْلِهِ ( وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِى الْكِتَابِ فِى يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللاَّتِى لاَ تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ) قَالَتْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِى الْيَتِيمَةِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ فَتَشْرَكُهُ فِى مَالِهِ فَيَرْغَبُ عَنْهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا غَيْرَهُ فَيَشْرَكُهُ فِى مَالِهِ فَيَعْضِلُهَا فَلاَ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا وَلاَ يُزَوِّجُهَا غَيْرَهُ.

It was narrated from 'Aishah concerning the Verse, "They ask your legal instruction concerning women, say: Allah instructs you about them...", that she said: "This refers to an orphan girl who is in the care of a man, and perhaps she shares his wealth, even the date palms, and he does not want to marry her, and he does not want to give her in marriage to a man who may share his wealth, so he prevents her from marrying."

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فِى قَوْلِهِ (يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِى النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ) الآيَةَ قَالَتْ هِىَ الْيَتِيمَةُ الَّتِى تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ لَعَلَّهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ قَدْ شَرِكَتْهُ فِى مَالِهِ حَتَّى فِى الْعَذْقِ فَيَرْغَبُ يَعْنِى أَنْ يَنْكِحَهَا وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُنْكِحَهَا رَجُلاً فَيَشْرَكُهُ فِى مَالِهِ فَيَعْضِلُهَا.