Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the day of Badr: He who does such-and-such, will have such-and such. The young men came forward and the old men remained standing near the banners, and they did not move from there. When Allah bestowed victory on them, the old men said: We were support for you. If you had been defeated, you would have returned to us. Do not take this booty alone and we remain (deprived of it). The young men refused (to give), and said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has given it to us. Then Allah sent down: "They ask thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war, Say: (Such) spoils are at the disposal of Allah and the Messenger. . . . . . Just as they Lord ordered thee out of thy house in truth, even though a party among the believers disliked it. " This proved good for them. Similarly obey me. I know the consequence of this better than you.

حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنَا خَالِدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ دَاوُدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَلَهُ مِنَ النَّفَلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَتَقَدَّمَ الْفِتْيَانُ وَلَزِمَ الْمَشْيَخَةُ الرَّايَاتِ فَلَمْ يَبْرَحُوهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ الْمَشْيَخَةُ:‏‏‏‏ كُنَّا رِدْءًا لَكُمْ لَوِ انْهَزَمْتُمْ لَفِئْتُمْ إِلَيْنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَا تَذْهَبُوا بِالْمَغْنَمِ وَنَبْقَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَبَى الْفِتْيَانُ وَقَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ جَعَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ كَمَا أَخْرَجَكَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَيْتِكَ بِالْحَقِّ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَكَارِهُونَ سورة الأنفال آية 1 ـ 5 يَقُولُ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ خَيْرًا لَهُمْ فَكَذَلِكَ أَيْضًا فَأَطِيعُونِي فَإِنِّي أَعْلَمُ بِعَاقِبَةِ هَذَا مِنْكُمْ.

Musab bin Saad reported on the authority of his father (Saad bin Abi Waqqas) “I brought a sword to the Prophet ﷺ on the day of the Badr and I said (to him) Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Allaah has healed up my breast from the enemy today, so give me this sword. He said “This sword is neither mine nor yours. I then went away saying “today this will be given to a man who has not been put to trial like me. Meanwhile a messenger and came to me and said “Respond, I thought something was revealed about me owing to my speech. I came and the Prophet ﷺ said to me “You asked me for this sword, but this was neither mine nor yours. Now Allaah has given it to me, hence it is yours. He then recited “they ask thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war. Say “ (Such) spoils are at the disposal of Allaah and the Messenger. Abu Dawud said “According to the reading of the Quran of Ibn Masud the verse goes. They ask thee concerning (things taken as ) spoils of war.

حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ جِئْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ بِسَيْفٍ فَقُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ شَفَى صَدْرِي الْيَوْمَ مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ فَهَبْ لِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنَّ هَذَا السَّيْفَ لَيْسَ لِي وَلَا لَكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَذَهَبْتُ وَأَنَا أَقُولُ يُعْطَاهُ الْيَوْمَ مَنْ لَمْ يُبْلِ بَلَائِي فَبَيْنَا أَنَا إِذْ جَاءَنِي الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَجِبْ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ بِكَلَامِي فَجِئْتُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ لِي وَلَا لَكَ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَهُ لِي فَهُوَ لَكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ قَرَأَ:‏‏‏‏ يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ سورة الأنفال آية 1 إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ قِرَاءَةُ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ يَسْأَلُونَكَ النَّفْلَ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us along with an army towards Najd, and he sent a detachment of that army (to face the enemy). The whole army got twelve camels per head as their portion, but he gave the detachment one additional camel (apart from the division made to the army). Thus they got thirteen camels each (as a reward).

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ. ح وحَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الأَنْطَاكِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَامُبَشَّرٌ. ح وحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ الطَّائِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ نَافِعٍ حَدَّثَهُمُ الْمَعْنَى كُلُّهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْنَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي جَيْشٍ قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ وَانْبَعَثَتْ سَرِيَّةٌ مِنَ الْجَيْشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَكَانَ سُهْمَانُ الْجَيْشِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَنَفَّلَ أَهْلَ السَّرِيَّةِ بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا فَكَانَتْ سُهْمَانُهُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ.

Al Walid bin Muslim said “I narrated this tradition (mentioned above) to Ibn Al Mubarak and said “And similarly it has been narrated by Ibn Abi Farwah to us on the authority of Nafi (as narrated by Shuaib). He (Ibn Al Mubarak) said “Those whom you have named cannot be equal to Malik i. e, Malik bin Anas.

حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ الْوَلِيدُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُسْلِمٍ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثْتُ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ وَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي فَرْوَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَا تَعْدِلُ مَنْ سَمَّيْتَ بِمَالِكٍ هَكَذَا أَوْ نَحْوَهُ يَعْنِي مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a detachment to Najd. I went out along with them, and got abundant riches. Our commander gave each of us a camel as a reward. We then came upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he divided the spoils of war among us. Each of us received twelve camels after taking a fifth of it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not take account of our companion (i. e. the commander of the army), nor did he blame him for what he had done. Thus each man of us had received thirteen camels with the reward he gave.

حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ الْكِلَابِيَّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاق، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَرِيَّةً إِلَى نَجْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَهَا فَأَصَبْنَا نَعَمًا كَثِيرًا فَنَفَّلَنَا أَمِيرُنَا بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا لِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ قَدِمْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَسَمَ بَيْنَنَا غَنِيمَتَنَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَصَابَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنَّا اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ وَمَا حَاسَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالَّذِي أَعْطَانَا صَاحِبُنَا وَلَا عَابَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ مَا صَنَعَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَكَانَ لِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنَّا ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا بِنَفْلِهِ.

Nafi reported on the authority of Abd Allaah bin Umar “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a detachment towards Najd. Abd Allaah bin Umar also accompanied it. They gained a large number of Camels as a booty. Their portion was twelve Camels each and they were rewarded (in addition) one Camel each. The version of Ibn Mawhab added “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not change it”

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَالِكٍ. ح وحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَا:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ الْمَعْنَى،‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً فِيهَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَغَنِمُوا إِبِلًا كَثِيرَةً فَكَانَتْ سُهْمَانُهُمُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا وَنُفِّلُوا بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏زَادَ ابْنُ مَوْهَبٍ:‏‏‏‏ فَلَمْ يُغَيِّرْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.

Abd Allaah (bin Umar) said “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us along with a detachment. The share of each was twelve Camels. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave each one of us a Camel as a reward. Abu Dawud said “Burd bin Sinan narrated a similar tradition from Nafi as narrated by Ubaid Allaah. Ayyub also narrated from Nafi a similar tradition, but his version goes “We were rewarded one Camel each. He did not mention the Prophet ﷺ.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي نَافِعٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ فَبَلَغَتْ سُهْمَانُنَا اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَنَفَّلَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ رَوَاهُ بُرْدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَرَوَاهُ أَيُّوبُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ نَافِعٍ مِثْلَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ وَنُفِّلْنَا بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لَمْ يَذْكُرِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to give to some of the detachments he sent out (something extra) for themselves in particular apart from the division made to the whole army. The fifth is necessary in all that.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَدِّي. ح وحَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنِي حُجَيْنٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سَالِمٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ كَانَ يُنَفِّلُ بَعْضَ مَنْ يَبْعَثُ مِنَ السَّرَايَا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ خَاصَّةَ النَّفَلِ سِوَى قَسْمِ عَامَّةِ الْجَيْشِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَالْخُمُسُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَاجِبٌ كُلُّهُ.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out on the day of Badr along with three hundred and fifteen (men). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: O Allah, they are on foot, provide mount for them; O Allah, they are naked, clothe them; O Allah, they are hungry, provide food for them. Allah then bestowed victory on them. They returned when they were clothed. There was no man of them but he returned with one or two camels; they were clothed and ate to their fill.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا حُيَيٌّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحُبُلِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فِي ثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ حُفَاةٌ فَاحْمِلْهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ عُرَاةٌ فَاكْسُهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ جِيَاعٌ فَأَشْبِعْهُمْ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَانْقَلَبُوا حِينَ انْقَلَبُوا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَمَا مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ إِلَّا وَقَدْ رَجَعَ بِجَمَلٍ أَوْ جَمَلَيْنِ وَاكْتَسَوْا وَشَبِعُوا.

Narrated Habib ibn Maslamah al-Fihri: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would give a third of the spoils after he would keep off the fifth.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ الشَّامِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَارِيَةَ التَّمِيمِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ الْفِهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "يُنَفِّلُ الثُّلُثَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ".