Narrated Habib ibn Maslamah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to give a quarter of the booty as reward after the fifty had been kept off, and a third after the fifth had been kept off when he returned.

حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ الْجُشَمِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْالْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ جَارِيَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "كَانَ يُنَفِّلُ الرُّبْعَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَالثُّلُثَ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ إِذَا قَفَلَ".

Narrated Habib ibn Maslamah al-Fihri: Makhul said: I was the slave of a woman of Banu Hudhayl; afterwards she emancipated me. I did not leave Egypt until I had acquired all the knowledge that seemed to me to exist there. I then came to al-Hijaz and I did not leave it until I had acquired all the knowledge that seemed to be available. Then I came to al-Iraq, and I did not leave it until I had acquired all the knowledge that seemed to be available. I then came to Syria, and besieged it. I asked everyone about giving rewards from the booty. I did not find anyone who could tell me anything about it. I then met an old man called Ziyad ibn Jariyah at-Tamimi. I asked him: Have you heard anything about giving rewards from the booty? He replied: Yes. I heard Maslamah al-Fihri say: I was present with the Prophet ﷺ. He gave a quarter of the spoils on the outward journey and a third on the return journey.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ بَشِيرِ بْنِ ذَكْوَانَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَمَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الدِّمَشْقِيَّانِ المعنى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَا:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُ مَكْحُولًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ كُنْتُ عَبْدًا بِمِصْرَ لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي هُذَيْلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَعْتَقَتْنِي فَمَا خَرَجْتُ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَبِهَا عِلْمٌ إِلَّا حَوَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا أُرَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ الْحِجَازَ فَمَا خَرَجْتُ مِنْهَا وَبِهَا عِلْمٌ إِلَّا حَوَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا أُرَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ الْعِرَاقَ فَمَا خَرَجْتُ مِنْهَا وَبِهَا عِلْمٌ إِلَّا حَوَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا أُرَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ الشَّامَ فَغَرْبَلْتُهَا كُلُّ ذَلِكَ أَسْأَلُ عَنِ النَّفَلِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمْ أَجِدْ أَحَدًا يُخْبِرُنِي فِيهِ بِشَيْءٍ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ شَيْخًا يُقَالُ لَهُ زِيَادُ بْنُ جَارِيَةَ التَّمِيمِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:‏‏‏‏ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ فِي النَّفَلِ شَيْئًا ؟ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ نَعَمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏سَمِعْتُ حَبِيبَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ الْفِهْرِيَّ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ شَهِدْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "نَفَّلَ الرُّبُعَ فِي الْبَدْأَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَالثُّلُثَ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ".

Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Muslims are equal in respect of blood. The lowest of them is entitled to give protection on behalf of them, and the one residing far away may give protection on behalf of them. They are like one hand over against all those who are outside the community. Those who have quick mounts should return to those who have slow mounts, and those who got out along with a detachment (should return) to those who are stationed. A believer shall not be killed for an unbeliever, nor a confederate within the term of confederation with him. Ibn Ishaq did not mention retaliation and equality in respect of blood.

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ إِسْحَاق هُوَ مُحَمَّدٌ بِبَعْضِ هَذَا. ح وحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي هُشَيْمٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ جَمِيعًا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ جَدِّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "الْمُسْلِمُونَ تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ وَيُجِيرُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَقْصَاهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَرُدُّ مُشِدُّهُمْ عَلَى مُضْعِفِهِمْ وَمُتَسَرِّعُهُمْ عَلَى قَاعِدِهِمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ ابْنُ إِسْحَاق الْقَوَدَ وَالتَّكَافُؤَ.

Salamah (bin Al Akwa) said “Abd Al rahman bin ‘Uyainah raided the Camels of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and killed their herdsman. He and some people who were with him on horses proceeded on driving them away. I turned my face towards Madeenah and shouted three times. A morning raid, I then went after the people shooting arrows at them and hamstringing them (their beasts). When a horseman returned to me, I sat in the foot of a tree till there was no riding beast of the Prophet ﷺ created by Allaah which I had not kept behind my back. They threw away more than thirty lance and thirty cloaks to lighten themselves. Then ‘Uyainah came to them with reinforcement and said “A few of you should go to him. Four of them stood and came to me. They ascended a mountain. Then they came near me till they could hear my voice. I told them “Do you know me?” They said “Who are you? I replied “I am Ibn Al Akwa. By Him Who honored the face of Muhammad ﷺ if any man of you pursues he cannot catch me and if I pursue him, I will not miss him. This went on with me till I saw the horsemen of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ coming through the trees. Al Akhram Al Asadi was at their head. He then joined Abd Al Rahman bin ‘Uyainah and Abd Al Rahman turned over him. They attacked each other with lances. Al Akhram hamstrung Abd Al Rahman’s horse and Abd Al Rahman pierced a lance in his body and killed him. Abd al Rahman then returned on the horse of Al Akhram. I then came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who was present at the same water from where I drove them away and which is known as Dhu Qarad. The Prophet ﷺ was among five hundred people. He then gave me two portions a horseman’s and a footman’s.

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنِي إِيَاسُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَغَارَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَلَى إِبِلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَتَلَ رَاعِيَهَا فَخَرَجَ يَطْرُدُهَا هُوَ وَأُنَاسٌ مَعَهُ فِي خَيْلٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَجَعَلْتُ وَجْهِي قِبَلَ الْمَدِينَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ نَادَيْتُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ:‏‏‏‏ يَا صَبَاحَاهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ اتَّبَعْتُ الْقَوْمَ فَجَعَلْتُ أَرْمِي وَأَعْقِرُهُمْ فَإِذَا رَجَعَ إِلَيَّ فَارِسٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏جَلَسْتُ فِي أَصْلِ شَجَرَةٍ حَتَّى مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ شَيْئًا مِنْ ظَهْرِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا جَعَلْتُهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَحَتَّى أَلْقَوْا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ رُمْحًا وَثَلَاثِينَ بُرْدَةً يَسْتَخِفُّونَ مِنْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَتَاهُمْ عُيَيْنَةُ مَدَدًا فَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لِيَقُمْ إِلَيْهِ نَفَرٌ مِنْكُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَامَ إِلَيَّ أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنْهُمْ فَصَعِدُوا الْجَبَلَ فَلَمَّا أَسْمَعْتُهُمْ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ أَتَعْرِفُونِي قَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ وَمَنْ أَنْتَ قُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ أَنَا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ وَالَّذِي كَرَّمَ وَجْهَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لَا يَطْلُبُنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْكُمْ فَيُدْرِكُنِي وَلَا أَطْلُبُهُ فَيَفُوتُنِي فَمَا بَرِحْتُ حَتَّى نَظَرْتُ إِلَى فَوَارِسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَخَلَّلُونَ الشَّجَرَ أَوَّلُهُمْ الْأَخْرَمُ الْأَسَدِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَيَلْحَقُ بِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَيَعْطِفُ عَلَيْهِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَاخْتَلَفَا طَعْنَتَيْنِ فَعَقَرَ الْأَخْرَمُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَطَعَنَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَقَتَلَهُ فَتَحَوَّلَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ عَلَى فَرَسِ الْأَخْرَمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَيَلْحَقُ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ بِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَاخْتَلَفَا طَعْنَتَيْنِ فَعَقَرَ بِأَبِي قَتَادَةَ وَقَتَلَهُ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَتَحَوَّلَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ عَلَى فَرَسِ الْأَخْرَمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ جِئْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمَاءِ الَّذِي جَلَّيْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ ذُو قَرَدٍ فَإِذَا نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي خَمْسِ مِائَةٍ فَأَعْطَانِي سَهْمَ الْفَارِسِ وَالرَّاجِلِ.

Narrated Maan ibn Yazid: AbulJuwayriyyah al-Jarmi said: I found a red pitcher containing dinars in Byzantine territory during the reign of Muawiyah. A man from the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ belonging to Banu Sulaym was our ruler. He was called Maan ibn Yazid. I brought it to him. He apportioned it among the Muslims. He gave me the same portion which he gave to one of them. He then said: Had I not heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: There is no reward except after taking the fifth (from the booty), I would have given you (the reward). He then presented his own share to me, but I refused.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو صَالِحٍ مَحْبُوبُ بْنُ مُوسَى، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاق الْفَزَارِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ كُلَيْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الْجُوَيْرِيَةِ الْجَرْمِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَصَبْتُ بِأَرْضِ الرُّومِ جَرَّةً حَمْرَاءَ فِيهَا دَنَانِيرُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فِي إِمْرَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَعَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ مَعْنُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِهَا فَقَسَمَهَا بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَعْطَانِي مِنْهَا مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَى رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَوْلَا أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ "لَا نَفْلَ إِلَّا بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ لَأَعْطَيْتُكَ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ أَخَذَ يَعْرِضُ عَلَيَّ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ فَأَبَيْتُ.

Narrated Amr ibn Abasah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in prayer facing a camel which had been taken in booty, and when he had given the salutation, he took a hair from the camel's side and said: I have no right as much as this of your booty, but only to the fifth. and the fifth is returned to you.

حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا سَلَّامٍ الْأَسْوَدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ سَمِعْتُعَمْرَو بْنَ عَبَسَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى بَعِيرٍ مِنَ الْمَغْنَمِ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ أَخَذَ وَبَرَةً مِنْ جَنْبِ الْبَعِيرِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِي مِنْ غَنَائِمِكُمْ مِثْلُ هَذَا إِلَّا الْخُمُسُ وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ فِيكُمْ".

Ibn Umar reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying “A banner will be hoisted for a treacherous man on the Day of Judgment, it will then be announced. This is a treachery of so and so, son of so and so.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَالِكٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنَّ الْغَادِرَ يُنْصَبُ لَهُ لِوَاءٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَيُقَالُ هَذِهِ غَدْرَةُ فُلَانِ بْنِ فُلَانٍ".

Abu Hurarirah reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying “A Muslim ruler is shield by which a battle is fought. ”

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ الْبَزَّازُ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْأَعْرَجِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنَّمَا الْإِمَامُ جُنَّةٌ يُقَاتَلُ بِهِ".

Narrated Abu Rafi: The Quraysh sent me to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and when I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Islam was cast into my heart, so I said: Messenger of Allah, I swear by Allah, I shall never return to them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied: I do not break a covenant or imprison messengers, but return, and if you feel the same as you do just now, come back. So I went away, and then came to the Prophet ﷺ and accepted Islam. The narrator Bukair said: He informed me that Abu Rafi was a Copt. Abu Dawud said: This was valid in those days, but today it is not valid.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرٌو، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ الأَشَجِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ أَبَا رَافِعٍ أَخْبَرَهُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ بَعَثَتْنِي قُرَيْشٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُلْقِيَ فِي قَلْبِي الْإِسْلَامُ فَقُلْتُ:‏‏‏‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِمْ أَبَدًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ "إِنِّي لَا أَخِيسُ بِالْعَهْدِ وَلَا أَحْبِسُ الْبُرُدَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَكِنْ ارْجِعْ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي نَفْسِكَ الَّذِي فِي نَفْسِكَ الْآنَ فَارْجِعْ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَذَهَبْتُ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْلَمْتُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ بُكَيْرٌ:‏‏‏‏ وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ أَبَا رَافِعٍ كَانَ قِبْطِيًّا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد:‏‏‏‏ هَذَا كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ فَأَمَّا الْيَوْمَ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ.

Narrated Amr ibn Abasah: Sulaym ibn Amir, a man of Himyar, said: There was a covenant between Muawiyah and the Byzantines, and he was going towards their country, and when the covenant came to an end, he attacked them. A man came on a horse, or a packhorse saying, Allah is Most Great, Allah is Most Great; let there be faithfulness and not treachery. And when they looked they found that he was Amr ibn Abasah. Muawiyah sent for him and questioned him (about that). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: When one has covenant with people he must not strengthen or loosen it till its term comes to an end or he brings it to an end in agreement with them (to make both the parties equal). So Muawiyah returned.

حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ النَّمَرِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ أَبِي الْفَيْضِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ حِمْيَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ كَانَ بَيْنَ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَبَيْنَ الرُّومِ عَهْدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَكَانَ يَسِيرُ نَحْوَ بِلَادِهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا انْقَضَى الْعَهْدُ غَزَاهُمْ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى فَرَسٍ أَوْ بِرْذَوْنٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَهُوَ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَفَاءٌ لَا غَدَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَنَظَرُوا فَإِذَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَسَةَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ مُعَاوِيَةُ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ "مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَهْدٌ فَلَا يَشُدُّ عُقْدَةً وَلَا يَحُلُّهَا حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ أَمَدُهَا أَوْ يَنْبِذَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ"، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَرَجَعَ مُعَاوِيَةُ.