It was narrated from Salim bin 'Abdullah, that his father said: "I heard 'Umar bin Al-Khattab say: 'The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "Allah, may He be exalted, forbids you to swear by your fathers." 'Umar said: "By Allah, I have not sworn by them since I heard the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) forbid that, whether on my own behalf or narrating it from someone else."

وَحَدَّثَنِى أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَرْحٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ ح وَحَدَّثَنِى حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِى يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ ». قَالَ عُمَرُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا حَلَفْتُ بِهَا مُنْذُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- نَهَى عَنْهَا ذَاكِرًا وَلاَ آثِرًا.

It was narrated from Salim that his father said: "The Prophet (s.a.w) heard 'Umar swearing by his father..." a report like that of Yunus and Ma'mar (no. 4254, 4255).

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ وَعَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِىِّ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عُمَرَ وَهُوَ يَحْلِفُ بِأَبِيهِ. بِمِثْلِ رِوَايَةِ يُونُسَ وَمَعْمَرٍ.

It was narrated from 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) caught up with 'Umar bin Al-Khattab among a group of riders when 'Umar was swearing by his father, and the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) told them not to do that and said: "Allah forbids you to swear by your fathers. Whoever wants to swear, let him swear by Allah or else remain silent."

وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَنَّهُ أَدْرَكَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فِى رَكْبٍ وَعُمَرُ يَحْلِفُ بِأَبِيهِ فَنَادَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « أَلاَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ فَمَنْ كَانَ حَالِفًا فَلْيَحْلِفْ بِاللَّهِ أَوْ لِيَصْمُتْ ».

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Dinar that he heard Ibn 'Umar say: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'Whoever wants to swear, let him not swear by anything but Allah.' The Quraish used to swear by their fathers." But he said: "Do not swear by your fathers."

وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى وَيَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ وَقُتَيْبَةُ وَابْنُ حُجْرٍ قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا وَقَالَ الآخَرُونَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ جَعْفَرٍ - عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « مَنْ كَانَ حَالِفًا فَلاَ يَحْلِفْ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ ». وَكَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تَحْلِفُ بِآبَائِهَا فَقَالَ « لاَ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ ».

Abu Hurairah said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'Whoever among you swears and says in his oath 'By al-Lat,' let him say La Ilaha Illallah. And whoever says to his companion: 'Come, I will gamble with you,' let him give charity."

حَدَّثَنِى أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ ح وَحَدَّثَنِى حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِى يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِى حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « مَنْ حَلَفَ مِنْكُمْ فَقَالَ فِى حَلِفِهِ بِاللاَّتِ. فَلْيَقُلْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ. وَمَنْ قَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ تَعَالَ أُقَامِرْكَ. فَلْيَتَصَدَّقْ ».

It was narrated from Az-Zuhri with this chain (a Hadith similar to no. 4260), and the Hadith of Ma'mar is like the Hadith of Yunus, except that he said: "Let him give something in charity." In the Hadith of Al-Awza'i it says: "Whoever swears by al-Lat and Al-'Uzza." Abu Al-Husain Muslim said: This phrase - meaning: "Come, I will gamble with you" - was not narrated by anyone except Az-Zuhri. Az-Zuhri had approximately ninety phrases which he narrated from the Prophet (s.a.w) and no one else narrated them with any reliable chain of narrators.

وَحَدَّثَنِى سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِىِّ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ كِلاَهُمَا عَنِ الزُّهْرِىِّ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَحَدِيثُ مَعْمَرٍ مِثْلُ حَدِيثِ يُونُسَ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ « فَلْيَتَصَدَّقْ بِشَىْءٍ ». وَفِى حَدِيثِ الأَوْزَاعِىِّ « مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللاَّتِ وَالْعُزَّى ».قَالَ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ مُسْلِمٌ هَذَا الْحَرْفُ - يَعْنِى قَوْلَهُ تَعَالَ أُقَامِرْكَ. فَلْيَتَصَدَّقْ - لاَ يَرْوِيهِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُ الزُّهْرِىِّ قَالَ وَلِلزُّهْرِىِّ نَحْوٌ مِنْ تِسْعِينَ حَدِيثًا يَرْوِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- لايُشَارِكُهُ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ بِأَسَانِيدَ جِيَادٍ.

It was narrated that 'Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'Do not swear by false gods or by your fathers."'

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الأَعْلَى عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « لاَ تَحْلِفُوا بِالطَّوَاغِى وَلاَ بِآبَائِكُمْ ».

It was narrated that Abu Musa Al-Asha'ri said: "I came to the Prophet (s.a.w) among a group of the Asha'ris to ask him for mounts. He said: 'By Allah, I will not give you mounts, and I do not have anything to give you as mounts.' As much time as Allah willed passed, then some camels were brought, and he ordered that we be given three camels with white humps. When we set out we said" - or "we said to one another" - 'Allah will not bless us. We came to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) to ask him for mounts and he swore that he would not give us mounts, then he gave us mounts."' So they went to him and told him, and he said: "It was not me who gave you mounts, rather Allah gave you mounts. By Allah, if Allah wills, I do not swear an oath then see something better than that, but I expiate my oath and do that which is better."

حَدَّثَنَا خَلَفُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الْحَارِثِىُّ - وَاللَّفْظُ لِخَلَفٍ - قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ غَيْلاَنَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِى بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِى مُوسَى الأَشْعَرِىِّ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فِى رَهْطٍ مِنَ الأَشْعَرِيِّينَ نَسْتَحْمِلُهُ فَقَالَ « وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَحْمِلُكُمْ وَمَا عِنْدِى مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ ». قَالَ فَلَبِثْنَا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ أُتِىَ بِإِبِلٍ فَأَمَرَ لَنَا بِثَلاَثِ ذَوْدٍ غُرِّ الذُّرَى فَلَمَّا انْطَلَقْنَا قُلْنَا - أَوْ قَالَ بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ - لاَ يُبَارِكُ اللَّهُ لَنَا أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- نَسْتَحْمِلُهُ فَحَلَفَ أَنْ لاَ يَحْمِلَنَا ثُمَّ حَمَلَنَا. فَأَتَوْهُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَقَالَ « مَا أَنَا حَمَلْتُكُمْ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ حَمَلَكُمْ وَإِنِّى وَاللَّهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لاَ أَحْلِفُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ ثُمَّ أَرَى خَيْرًا مِنْهَا إِلاَّ كَفَّرْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِى وَأَتَيْتُ الَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ ».

It was narrated that Abu Musa said: "My companions sent me to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) to ask him for mounts for them, because they were with him in the army of hardship - meaning, the campaign to Tabuk. I said: 'O Prophet of Allah, my companions have sent me to you, so that you might give them mounts.' He said: 'By Allah, I will not give you anything to ride.' It so happened that I came to him when he was angry and I did not realize it. So I went back saddened by the refusal of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), and I was worried that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) was upset with me. So I went back to my companions and told them what the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) had said. Only a short time passed, then I heard Bilal calling: 'O 'Abdullah bin Qais!' So I answered him, and he said: 'Go to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), he is calling you.' When I came to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), he said: 'Take this pair and this pair and this pair' - six camels that he had bought from Sa'd at that time. 'Take them to your companions and say: "Allah" - or "the Messenger of Allah ~ - has provided you with these mounts so ride them." Abu Milsa said: "So I took them to my companions and I said: 'The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) has given you these to ride, but by Allah I will not leave you until some of you come with me to one who heard what the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said, when I asked him (for mounts) for you and he refused at first, then he gave them to me after that. Do not think that I have told you anything that he did not say.' They said to me: 'By Allah, you are truthful in our opinion, but we will do what you wish."' So Abu Musa went with a group of them until they came to those who had heard what the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) had said when he refused to respond to their request, then gave them something after that, and they told them the same as Abu Musa had told them.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بَرَّادٍ الأَشْعَرِىُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ الْهَمْدَانِىُّ - وَتَقَارَبَا فِى اللَّفْظِ - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِى بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِى مُوسَى قَالَ أَرْسَلَنِى أَصْحَابِى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَسْأَلُهُ لَهُمُ الْحُمْلاَنَ إِذْ هُمْ مَعَهُ فِى جَيْشِ الْعُسْرَةِ - وَهِىَ غَزْوَةُ تَبُوكَ - فَقُلْتُ يَا نَبِىَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَصْحَابِى أَرْسَلُونِى إِلَيْكَ لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ. فَقَالَ « وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَى شَىْءٍ ». وَوَافَقْتُهُ وَهُوَ غَضْبَانُ وَلاَ أَشْعُرُ فَرَجَعْتُ حَزِينًا مِنْ مَنْعِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَمِنْ مَخَافَةِ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَدْ وَجَدَ فِى نَفْسِهِ عَلَىَّ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِى فَأَخْبَرْتُهُمُ الَّذِى قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَلَمْ أَلْبَثْ إِلاَّ سُوَيْعَةً إِذْ سَمِعْتُ بِلاَلاً يُنَادِى أَىْ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ قَيْسٍ. فَأَجَبْتُهُ فَقَالَ أَجِبْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَدْعُوكَ. فَلَمَّا أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « خُذْ هَذَيْنِ الْقَرِينَيْنِ وَهَذَيْنِ الْقَرِينَيْنِ وَهَذَيْنِ الْقَرِينَيْنِ - لِسِتَّةِ أَبْعِرَةٍ ابْتَاعَهُنَّ حِينَئِذٍ مِنْ سَعْدٍ - فَانْطَلِقْ بِهِنَّ إِلَى أَصْحَابِكَ فَقُلْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ - أَوْ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- - يَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَى هَؤُلاَءِ فَارْكَبُوهُنَّ ». قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى فَانْطَلَقْتُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِى بِهِنَّ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَى هَؤُلاَءِ وَلَكِنْ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَدَعُكُمْ حَتَّى يَنْطَلِقَ مَعِى بَعْضُكُمْ إِلَى مَنْ سَمِعَ مَقَالَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- حِينَ سَأَلْتُهُ لَكُمْ وَمَنْعَهُ فِى أَوَّلِ مَرَّةٍ ثُمَّ إِعْطَاءَهُ إِيَّاىَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ لاَ تَظُنُّوا أَنِّى حَدَّثْتُكُمْ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَقُلْهُ. فَقَالُوا لِى وَاللَّهِ إِنَّكَ عِنْدَنَا لَمُصَدَّقٌ وَلَنَفْعَلَنَّ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ. فَانْطَلَقَ أَبُو مُوسَى بِنَفَرٍ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى أَتَوُا الَّذِينَ سَمِعُوا قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَمَنْعَهُ إِيَّاهُمْ ثُمَّ إِعْطَاءَهُمْ بَعْدُ فَحَدَّثُوهُمْ بِمَا حَدَّثَهُمْ بِهِ أَبُو مُوسَى سَوَاءً.

Ayyub said: "The Hadith of Al-Qasim is better known to me than the Hadith of Abu Qilabah. He said: 'We were with Abu Musa and he called for his food, and there was some chicken there. A man from Banu Taimullah came in who was of reddish complexion and looked like a freed slave. He said: "Come and join me." The man hesitated, so he said: "Come, for I saw the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) eating this." The man said: "I saw it eating something and I found it repugnant, and I swore that I would not eat it." He said: "Come, I will tell you something about that (the oath)." "I came to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) with a group of Ash'aris to ask him for mounts, and he said: 'By Allah, I will not give you mounts, and I have nothing to give to you as mounts.' As much time passed as Allah willed, then some spoils of war consisting of camels, was brought to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w). He called us, and ordered that we be given five of the camels with white humps. When we set out, we said to one another: 'We made the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) forget his oath, and we will not be blessed.' So we went back to him and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, we came to you and asked you for mounts, and you swore that you would not give us mounts, then you gave us mounts. Did you forget, O Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'By Allah, if Allah wills, I do not swear an oath then see that something else is better than it, but I do that which is better and offer expiation. Go, for it is Allah Who has given you mounts."'

حَدَّثَنِى أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الْعَتَكِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ - يَعْنِى ابْنَ زَيْدٍ - عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِى قِلاَبَةَ وَعَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ زَهْدَمٍ الْجَرْمِىِّ - قَالَ أَيُّوبُ وَأَنَا لِحَدِيثِ الْقَاسِمِ أَحْفَظُ مِنِّى لِحَدِيثِ أَبِى قِلاَبَةَ - قَالَ كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِى مُوسَى فَدَعَا بِمَائِدَتِهِ وَعَلَيْهَا لَحْمُ دَجَاجٍ فَدَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِى تَيْمِ اللَّهِ أَحْمَرُ شَبِيهٌ بِالْمَوَالِى فَقَالَ لَهُ هَلُمَّ. فَتَلَكَّأَ فَقَالَ هَلُمَّ فَإِنِّى قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ. فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ إِنِّى رَأَيْتُهُ يَأْكُلُ شَيْئًا فَقَذِرْتُهُ فَحَلَفْتُ أَنْ لاَ أَطْعَمَهُ فَقَالَ هَلُمَّ أُحَدِّثْكَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ إِنِّى أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فِى رَهْطٍ مِنَ الأَشْعَرِيِّينَ نَسْتَحْمِلُهُ فَقَالَ « وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَحْمِلُكُمْ وَمَا عِنْدِى مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ ». فَلَبِثْنَا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَأُتِىَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بِنَهْبِ إِبِلٍ فَدَعَا بِنَا فَأَمَرَ لَنَا بِخَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ غُرِّ الذُّرَى قَالَ فَلَمَّا انْطَلَقْنَا قَالَ بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ أَغْفَلْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَمِينَهُ لاَ يُبَارَكُ لَنَا . فَرَجَعْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا أَتَيْنَاكَ نَسْتَحْمِلُكَ وَإِنَّكَ حَلَفْتَ أَنْ لاَ تَحْمِلَنَا ثُمَّ حَمَلْتَنَا أَفَنَسِيتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ « إِنِّى وَاللَّهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لاَ أَحْلِفُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَأَرَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا إِلاَّ أَتَيْتُ الَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَتَحَلَّلْتُهَا فَانْطَلِقُوا فَإِنَّمَا حَمَلَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ».