Salim bin 'Abdullah narrated that 'Abdullah bin 'Umar used to lease out his land, until he heard that Rafi' bin Khadij Al-Ansari forbade leasing out land. 'Abdullah met him and said: "O Ibn Khadij, what are you narrating from the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) about leasing out land?" Rafi' bin Khadij said to 'Abdullah: "I heard my two paternal uncles, who had been present at (the battle of) Badr, narrating to the family, that the Messenger of Allah ~ forbade leasing out land." 'Abdullah said: "At the time of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) I knew that land could be leased out." Then 'Abdullah was afraid that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) had said something new that he did not know of, so he stopped leasing out land.

وَحَدَّثَنِى عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنِى أَبِى عَنْ جَدِّى حَدَّثَنِى عُقَيْلُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِى سَالِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يُكْرِى أَرَضِيهِ حَتَّى بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ الأَنْصَارِىَّ كَانَ يَنْهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ فَلَقِيَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ خَدِيجٍ مَاذَا تُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فِى كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ قَالَ رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ سَمِعْتُ عَمَّىَّ - وَكَانَا قَدْ شَهِدَا بَدْرًا - يُحَدِّثَانِ أَهْلَ الدَّارِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ. قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ فِى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَنَّ الأَرْضَ تُكْرَى ثُمَّ خَشِىَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَحْدَثَ فِى ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِمَهُ فَتَرَكَ كِرَاءَ الأَرْضِ.

It was narrated that Rafi' bin Khadij said: "We used to rent land at the time of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), leasing it for one-third or one-quarter (of the yield of a specified crop) and a specified amount of food. Then one day, one of my paternal uncles came to us and said: 'The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) has forbidden to us something that was beneficial to us, but obedience to Allah and His Messenger is more beneficial to us. He forbade us to rent land and lease it for one-third or one-quarter (of the yield of a specified crop) and a specified amount of food, and he ordered the owner of the land to cultivate it or let it be cultivated, and he disliked leasing it out or anything else."'

وَحَدَّثَنِى عَلِىُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِىُّ وَيَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ - عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ قَالَ كُنَّا نُحَاقِلُ الأَرْضَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَنُكْرِيهَا بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَالطَّعَامِ الْمُسَمَّى فَجَاءَنَا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ عُمُومَتِى فَقَالَ نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا وَطَوَاعِيَةُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ أَنْفَعُ لَنَا نَهَانَا أَنْ نُحَاقِلَ بِالأَرْضِ فَنُكْرِيَهَا عَلَى الثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَالطَّعَامِ الْمُسَمَّى وَأَمَرَ رَبَّ الأَرْضِ أَنْ يَزْرَعَهَا أَوْ يُزْرِعَهَا وَكَرِهَ كِرَاءَهَا وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ.

It was narrated from Abu An-Najashi, the freed slave of Rafi' bin Khadij, from Rafi', that Zuhair bin Rafi' -who was his paternal uncle - (He) said: "Zuhair came to me and said: 'The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) forbade something that was beneficial for us.' I said: 'What is that? Whatever the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) says is right.' He said: 'He asked me: "What do you do with your fields?" I said: "We rent them, O Messenger of Allah, in return for (what grows on the edge) of the spring, or for several Wasq of dates or barley." He said: "Do not do that. Cultivate them, or let them be cultivated by others, or keep them."

حَدَّثَنِى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُسْهِرٍ حَدَّثَنِى يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمْزَةَ حَدَّثَنِى أَبُو عَمْرٍو الأَوْزَاعِىُّ عَنْ أَبِى النَّجَاشِىِّ مَوْلَى رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ عَنْ رَافِعٍ أَنَّ ظُهَيْرَ بْنَ رَافِعٍ - وَهُوَ عَمُّهُ - قَالَ أَتَانِى ظُهَيْرٌ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ بِنَا رَافِقًا. فَقُلْتُ وَمَا ذَاكَ مَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَهُوَ حَقٌّ. قَالَ سَأَلَنِى كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُونَ بِمَحَاقِلِكُمْ فَقُلْتُ نُؤَاجِرُهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الرَّبِيعِ أَوِ الأَوْسُقِ مِنَ التَّمْرِ أَوِ الشَّعِيرِ. قَالَ « فَلاَ تَفْعَلُوا ازْرَعُوهَا أَوْ أَزْرِعُوهَا أَوْ أَمْسِكُوهَا ».

It was narrated from Hanzalah bin Qais that he asked Rafi' bin Khadij about leasing out land. He said: "The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) forbade leasing out land." I said: "For gold and silver?" He said: "As for (leasing it for) gold and silver, there is nothing wrong with that."

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ فَقَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ أَبِالذَّهَبِ وَالْوَرِقِ فَقَالَ أَمَّا بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْوَرِقِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ.

Hanzalah bin Qais Al-Ansari said: "I asked Rafi' bin Khadij about leasing out land for gold and silver. He said: 'There is nothing wrong with that. Rather at the time of the Prophet (s.a.w) the people used to rent land in return for what grows along the water channels, and at the springs, and in some parts of the fields, but one part would be destroyed while another part would be safe, or vice versa, and this was the only way in which people leased out land. So this was forbidden. As for something that is specified and guaranteed, there is nothing wrong with it."'

حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ حَدَّثَنَا الأَوْزَاعِىُّ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ حَدَّثَنِى حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الأَنْصَارِىُّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْوَرِقِ فَقَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِنَّمَا كَانَ النَّاسُ يُؤَاجِرُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَلَى الْمَاذِيَانَاتِ وَأَقْبَالِ الْجَدَاوِلِ وَأَشْيَاءَ مِنَ الزَّرْعِ فَيَهْلِكُ هَذَا وَيَسْلَمُ هَذَا وَيَسْلَمُ هَذَا وَيَهْلِكُ هَذَا فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلنَّاسِ كِرَاءٌ إِلاَّ هَذَا فَلِذَلِكَ زُجِرَ عَنْهُ. فَأَمَّا شَىْءٌ مَعْلُومٌ مَضْمُونٌ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ.

It was narrated from Hanzalah Az-Zuraqi that he heard Rafi' bin Khadij say: "We had the most land among the Ansar, and we used to lease out land on the basis that we would have the produce of this part, and they would have the produce of that, and perhaps one part would yield produce and the other part would not. So he forbade us to do that. As for silver, he did not forbid us."

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ الزُّرَقِىِّ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ يَقُولُ كُنَّا أَكْثَرَ الأَنْصَارِ حَقْلاً - قَالَ - كُنَّا نُكْرِى الأَرْضَ عَلَى أَنَّ لَنَا هَذِهِ وَلَهُمْ هَذِهِ فَرُبَّمَا أَخْرَجَتْ هَذِهِ وَلَمْ تُخْرِجْ هَذِهِ فَنَهَانَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَأَمَّا الْوَرِقُ فَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا.

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin As-Sa'ib said: "I asked 'Abdullah bin Ma'qil about Muzara'ah. He said: 'Thabit bin Ad-Dahhak told me that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) forbade Muzara'ah."' According to the report of Ibn Abi Shaibah: "He (s.a.w) forbade it." And he said: "I asked Ibn Ma'qil," but he did not name him as 'Abdullah.

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِىُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ كِلاَهُمَا عَنِ الشَّيْبَانِىِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَعْقِلٍ عَنِ الْمُزَارَعَةِ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِى ثَابِتُ بْنُ الضَّحَّاكِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَارَعَةِ. وَفِى رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ نَهَى عَنْهَا. وَقَالَ سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ مَعْقِلٍ. وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ.

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin As-Sa'ib said: "We entered upon 'Abdullah bin Ma'qil and asked him about Muzara'ah. He said: 'Thabit said that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) forbade Muzara'ah and enjoined Mu'ajarah (renting out land), and he said: There is nothing wrong with it.'"

حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الشَّيْبَانِىِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ قَالَ دَخَلْنَا عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَعْقِلٍ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَنِ الْمُزَارَعَةِ فَقَالَ زَعَمَ ثَابِتٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَارَعَةِ وَأَمَرَ بِالْمُؤَاجَرَةِ وَقَالَ « لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَا ».

It was narrated from 'Amr that Mujahid said to Tawus: "Let us go to Ibn Rafi' bin Khadij and listen to the Hadith from his father, from the Prophet (s.a.w)." He said: "He rebuked him." He said: "By Allah if I had known that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) forbade it, I would not have done it, but one who is more knowledgeable than them" - meaning Ibn 'Abbas - "told me that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'For a man to lend his land to his Muslim brother is better for him than taking a specified amount for it."'

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عَمْرٍو أَنَّ مُجَاهِدًا قَالَ لِطَاوُسٍ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى ابْنِ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ فَاسْمَعْ مِنْهُ الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- - قَالَ - فَانْتَهَرَهُ قَالَ إِنِّى وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- نَهَى عَنْهُ مَا فَعَلْتُهُ وَلَكِنْ حَدَّثَنِى مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ - يَعْنِى ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ - أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « لأَنْ يَمْنَحَ الرَّجُلُ أَخَاهُ أَرْضَهُ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهَا خَرْجًا مَعْلُومًا ».