It was narrated that Jabir bin Abdullah [May Allah be pleased with them] said: “The Messenger of Allah (SAW) stayed away from his wives for a month. He came out to us after twenty-nine days and we said: ‘Today is twenty-nine.’ He said: ‘The month,’ and he clapped his hands together three times, tucking away one thumb the third time.”

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ عَنْ أَبِى الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ - رضى الله عنه - أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- اعْتَزَلَ نِسَاءَهُ شَهْرًا فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا فِى تِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ فَقُلْنَا إِنَّمَا الْيَوْمُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ. فَقَالَ « إِنَّمَا الشَّهْرُ ». وَصَفَّقَ بِيَدَيْهِ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَحَبَسَ إِصْبَعًا وَاحِدَةً فِى الآخِرَةِ.

Jabir bin Abdullah [May Allah be pleased with them] said: “The Prophet (SAW) stayed away from his wives for a month, then he came out to us on the morning of the twenty-ninth, and some of the people said to him: ‘O Messenger of Allah! It is twenty-ninth.’ The Prophet (SAW) said: ‘The month may be twenty-nine then the Prophet (SAW) brought his hands together three times, twice with all his fingers and the third time with nine fingers.’”

حَدَّثَنِى هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَحَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِى أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ - رضى الله عنهما - يَقُولُ اعْتَزَلَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- نِسَاءَهُ شَهْرًا فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا صَبَاحَ تِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا أَصْبَحْنَا لِتِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ. فَقَالَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « إِنَّ الشَّهْرَ يَكُونُ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ ». ثُمَّ طَبَّقَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بِيَدَيْهِ ثَلاَثًا مَرَّتَيْنِ بِأَصَابِعِ يَدَيْهِ كُلِّهَا وَالثَّالِثَةَ بِتِسْعٍ مِنْهَا.

It was narrated from Kuraib that Umm Al-Fadl Bint Al-Harith sent him to Muawiyah in Ash-Sham. He said: “I arrived in Ash-Sham and I finished her errand, and the crescent of Ramadan appeared while I was in the Ash-Sham, where I saw the crescent moon on the night of Friday. Then I came to Al-Madinah at the end of the month, and I asked Abdullah bin Abbas [May Allah be pleased with him], who mentioned the crescent and said: ‘When did you see the crescent?’ I said: ‘We saw it on the night of Friday.’ He said: ‘Did you see it?’ I said: ‘Yes, and the people saw it, and they fasted, and Muawiyah fasted.’ He said: ‘But we saw it on the night of Saturday, and we will keep fasting until we complete thirty days, or we see it.’ I said: ‘Is the sighting and fasting not sufficient for you?’ He said: ‘no, this is what the Messenger of Allah (SAW) enjoined upon us.’”

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى وَيَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ وَقُتَيْبَةُ وَابْنُ حُجْرٍ قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا وَقَالَ الآخَرُونَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ جَعْفَرٍ - عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ - وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَبِى حَرْمَلَةَ - عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ أَنَّ أُمَّ الْفَضْلِ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ بَعَثَتْهُ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بِالشَّامِ قَالَ فَقَدِمْتُ الشَّامَ فَقَضَيْتُ حَاجَتَهَا وَاسْتُهِلَّ عَلَىَّ رَمَضَانُ وَأَنَا بِالشَّامِ فَرَأَيْتُ الْهِلاَلَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فِى آخِرِ الشَّهْرِ فَسَأَلَنِى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ - رضى الله عنهما - ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْهِلاَلَ فَقَالَ مَتَى رَأَيْتُمُ الْهِلاَلَ فَقُلْتُ رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ. فَقَالَ أَنْتَ رَأَيْتَهُ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ وَرَآهُ النَّاسُ وَصَامُوا وَصَامَ مُعَاوِيَةُ. فَقَالَ لَكِنَّا رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ السَّبْتِ فَلاَ نَزَالُ نَصُومُ حَتَّى نُكْمِلَ ثَلاَثِينَ أَوْ نَرَاهُ. فَقُلْتُ أَوَلاَ تَكْتَفِى بِرُؤْيَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَصِيَامِهِ فَقَالَ لاَ هَكَذَا أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-.وَشَكَّ يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى فِى نَكْتَفِى أَوْ تَكْتَفِى.

It was narrated that Abu Al-Bakhtari said: “We went for our Umrah, and when we stopped in Batn Nakhlah, we looked for the crescent and saw it. Some of the people said: ‘It is three nights old.’ And some of them said: ‘it is two nights old.’ Then we met Ibn Abbas and we said: ‘We have spotted the crescent; some of the people said that it is three nights old, and some of the said that it was two nights old.’ He said: ‘On what night did you see it?’ we said: ‘on such-and-such a night.’ He said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (SAW) [said: Indeed Allah] causes it to appear for long enough that it can be seen, so on the night that you saw it, that was when it appeared.’”

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلٍ عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ أَبِى الْبَخْتَرِىِّ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا لِلْعُمْرَةِ فَلَمَّا نَزَلْنَا بِبَطْنِ نَخْلَةَ - قَالَ - تَرَاءَيْنَا الْهِلاَلَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ ثَلاَثٍ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ قَالَ فَلَقِينَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقُلْنَا إِنَّا رَأَيْنَا الْهِلاَلَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ ثَلاَثٍ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ. فَقَالَ أَىَّ لَيْلَةٍ رَأَيْتُمُوهُ قَالَ فَقُلْنَا لَيْلَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا. فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَدَّهُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ فَهُوَ لِلَيْلَةِ رَأَيْتُمُوهُ ».

It was narrated from Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakrah from his father [may Allah be pleased with him] that the prophet said: “The two months of ‘Id; Ramadan and Dhul-Hijjah, cannot both be incomplete.”

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِى بَكْرَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ - رضى الله عنه - عَنِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « شَهْرَا عِيدٍ لاَ يَنْقُصَانِ رَمَضَانُ وَذُو الْحِجَّةِ ».

It was narrated from Adiyy bin Hatim: “When the verse “Until the white thread appears to you distinct from the black thread of dawn”(Al-Baqarah 2:187) was revealed Adiyy [bin Hatim] said to him: ’O Messenger of Allah, I put to strings under my pillow, a white string and a black string, so that I can tell night from day.’ The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: ‘Your pillow must be very big, for that refers to the blackness of the night and the whiteness of the day.’”

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِىِّ عَنْ عَدِىِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ (حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ) قَالَ لَهُ عَدِىُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّى أَجْعَلُ تَحْتَ وِسَادَتِى عِقَالَيْنِ عِقَالاً أَبْيَضَ وَعِقَالاً أَسْوَدَ أَعْرِفُ اللَّيْلَ مِنَ النَّهَارِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « إِنَّ وِسَادَتَكَ لَعَرِيضٌ إِنَّمَا هُوَ سَوَادُ اللَّيْلِ وَبَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ ».

Sahl bin sa’d said: “When this verse was revealed –“And eat and drink until the white thread appears to you distinct from the black thread”(Al-Baqarah 2:187)- a man would take a white thread and a black thread and he would eat until he could tell them apart, until Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: “of dawn” then it became clear.”

حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا فُضَيْلُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا سَهْلُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ (وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ) قَالَ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَأْخُذُ خَيْطًا أَبْيَضَ وَخَيْطًا أَسْوَدَ فَيَأْكُلُ حَتَّى يَسْتَبِينَهُمَا حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ (مِنَ الْفَجْرِ) فَبَيَّنَ ذَلِكَ.

It was narrated that Sahl bin Sa’d [may Allah be pleased with him] said: “When this verse was revealed-“And eat and drink until the white thread appears to you distinct from the black thread”(Al-Baqarah 2:187) – if a man wanted to fast, he would tie a white thread to one foot an a black thread to the other, then he would carry on eating and drinking until he could tell them apart when he saw them. Then after that, Allah revealed: “of dawn” then they realized that what was meant by that was night and day.”

حَدَّثَنِى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ التَّمِيمِىُّ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِى مَرْيَمَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو غَسَّانَ حَدَّثَنِى أَبُو حَازِمٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ (وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ) قَالَ فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا أَرَادَ الصَّوْمَ رَبَطَ أَحَدُهُمْ فِى رِجْلَيْهِ الْخَيْطَ الأَسْوَدَ وَالْخَيْطَ الأَبْيَضَ فَلاَ يَزَالُ يَأْكُلُ وَيَشْرَبُ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُ رِئْيُهُمَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ (مِنَ الْفَجْرِ) فَعَلِمُوا أَنَّمَا يَعْنِى بِذَلِكَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ.

It was narrated by ‘Abdullah [may Allah be pleased with him] that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: “Bilal calls the Adhan at night, so eat and drink until you hear the Adhan of Ibn Umm Maktum.”

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ - رضى الله عنه - عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَنَّهُ قَالَ « إِنَّ بِلاَلاً يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى تَسْمَعُوا تَأْذِينَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ ».

It was narrated that ‘Ibn Umar [may Allah be pleased with them] said: “The Messenger of Allah had two Mu’adhdhin, Bilal and Ibn Umm Maktum, the blind man. The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: ‘Bilal calls the Adhan at night, so eat and drink until Ibn Umm Maktum calls the Adhan.” And there was no more between them than the time it took for one to climb down and the other to climb up.

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِى حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ - رضى الله عنهما - قَالَ كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- مُؤَذِّنَانِ بِلاَلٌ وَابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ الأَعْمَى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « إِنَّ بِلاَلاً يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يُؤَذِّنَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ ». قَالَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمَا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ هَذَا وَيَرْقَى هَذَا.