It was narrated from Abu Nadr, from the letter of a man of Aslam who was one of the Companions of the Prophet (s.a.w) who was called 'Abdullah bin Abi Awfa, who wrote to 'Umar bin 'Ubaidullah, when he went to fight the Haruriyyah; he told him that on one of the days when the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) met the enemy, he waited until the sun went down, then he stood up and said: "O people, do not wish to meet the enemy, and ask Allah to keep you safe and sound. When you do meet them, then be steadfast, and realize that Paradise lies in the shade of the swords." Then the Prophet (s.a.w) stood up and said: "O Allah, Revealer of the Book, Sender of the clouds and Defeater of the confederates, defeat them, and grant us victory over them."

وَحَدَّثَنِى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِى مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِى النَّضْرِ عَنْ كِتَابِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يُقَالُ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِى أَوْفَى فَكَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ حِينَ سَارَ إِلَى الْحَرُورِيَّةِ يُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- كَانَ فِى بَعْضِ أَيَّامِهِ الَّتِى لَقِىَ فِيهَا الْعَدُوَّ يَنْتَظِرُ حَتَّى إِذَا مَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَامَ فِيهِمْ فَقَالَ « يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لاَ تَتَمَنَّوْا لِقَاءَ الْعَدُوِّ وَاسْأَلُوا اللَّهَ الْعَافِيَةَ فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُوهُمْ فَاصْبِرُوا وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ تَحْتَ ظِلاَلِ السُّيُوفِ ». ثُمَّ قَامَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَقَالَ « اللَّهُمَّ مُنْزِلَ الْكِتَابِ وَمُجْرِىَ السَّحَابِ وَهَازِمَ الأَحْزَابِ اهْزِمْهُمْ وَانْصُرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ ».

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin Abi Awfa said: The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) prayed against the confederates and said: "O Allah, Revealer of the Book, swift in taking account, Defeater of the confederates! O Allah, defeat them and shake them."

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِى خَالِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِى أَوْفَى قَالَ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَلَى الأَحْزَابِ فَقَالَ « اللَّهُمَّ مُنْزِلَ الْكِتَابِ سَرِيعَ الْحِسَابِ اهْزِمِ الأَحْزَابَ اللَّهُمَّ اهْزِمْهُمْ وَزَلْزِلْهُمْ ».

It was narrated from Anas that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) used to say on the Day of Uhud: "O Allah, if You will (that the Muslims be defeated), You will not be worshiped on earth."

وَحَدَّثَنِى حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- كَانَ يَقُولُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ « اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَشَأْ لاَ تُعْبَدْ فِى الأَرْضِ ».

It was narrated from 'Abdullah that a woman was found slain during one of the campaigns of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), and the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) denounced the killing of women and children.

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً وُجِدَتْ فِى بَعْضِ مَغَازِى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- مَقْتُولَةً فَأَنْكَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَتْلَ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ.

It was narrated that As-Sa'b bin Jath-thamah said: The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) was asked about the women and children of the idolaters being killed in night raids. He said: "They are of them."

وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ وَعَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ جَمِيعًا عَنِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ قَالَ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِىِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ الصَّعْبِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ قَالَ سُئِلَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَنِ الذَّرَارِىِّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يُبَيَّتُونَ فَيُصِيبُونَ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ وَذَرَارِيِّهِمْ. فَقَالَ « هُمْ مِنْهُمْ ».

It was narrated from As-Sa'b bin Jath-thamah that it was said to the Prophet (s.a.w): What if a cavalry attacks at night and kills some of the children of the idolaters? He said: "They are of their fathers."

وَحَدَّثَنِى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِى عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ الصَّعْبِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قِيلَ لَهُ لَوْ أَنَّ خَيْلاً أَغَارَتْ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَأَصَابَتْ مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ « هُمْ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ ».

It was narrated from 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) burned the palm trees of Banu An-Nadir and cut them down, at Al-Buwairah. Qutaibah and Ibn Rumh added in their Hadith: And Allah revealed the words: "What you (O Muslims) cut down of the palm trees (of the enemy), or you left them standing on their stems, it was by leave of Allah, and in order that He might disgrace the Fasiqun (the rebellious, the disobedient to Allah)" [Al-Hashr 59:5].

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- حَرَّقَ نَخْلَ بَنِى النَّضِيرِ وَقَطَعَ وَهِىَ الْبُوَيْرَةُ. زَادَ قُتَيْبَةُ وَابْنُ رُمْحٍ فِى حَدِيثِهِمَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ (مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَائِمَةً عَلَى أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَلِيُخْزِىَ الْفَاسِقِينَ)

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) cut down the palm trees of Banu An-Nadir and burned them, and concerning that Hassan said: It was easy for the nobles of Banu Lu'ayy (Quraish) To burn Al-Buwayrah with sparks flying everywhere. And concerning that the Verse was revealed: "What you (O Muslims) cut down of the palm trees (of the enemy), or you left them..." [Al-Hashr 59:5].

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ وَهَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِىِّ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَطَعَ نَخْلَ بَنِى النَّضِيرِ وَحَرَّقَ وَلَهَا يَقُولُ حَسَّانُ وَهَانَ عَلَى سَرَاةِ بَنِى لُؤَىٍّ حَرِيقٌ بِالْبُوَيْرَةِ مُسْتَطِيرُ وَفِى ذَلِكَ نَزَلَتْ (مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَائِمَةً عَلَى أُصُولِهَا) الآيَةَ.

It was narrated that Hammam bin Munabbih said: This is what Abu Hurairah narrated from the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), and he mentioned a number of Ahadith, including the following: The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "One of the Prophets went out on a campaign, and he said to his people: No man should accompany me who has gotten married and wants to consummate the marriage but has not yet done so, or a man who has built a house but has not yet put the roof on, or a man who has bought some sheep or pregnant she-camels and is waiting for them to give birth. He went out to fight, and he approached a town at the time of 'Asr prayer, or close to that time. He said to the sun: You are under the command of Allah and I am under the command of Allah. O Allah, halt it for me for a while." So it was halted for him until Allah granted him victory. They gathered the booty that they had seized, and the fire came close to consume it, but it did not touch it. He said: "There is theft from the booty among you. Let one man from each tribe swear allegiance to me." They swore allegiance to him, and the hand of one man stuck to his hand. He said: "There is theft from the booty among you. Let your tribe swear allegiance to me." They swore allegiance to him, and the hands of two or three men stuck to his hand. He said: "There is theft from the booty among you; you have stolen from the booty." They brought forth to him gold equal to the size of a cow's head. They placed it with the wealth which was on the ground, then the fire came and consumed it. The booty was not permissible for anyone before us, but Allah (blessed and exalted is He) saw our weakness and vulnerability, so He permitted it to us.

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ قَالَ هَذَا مَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَذَكَرَ أَحَادِيثَ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « غَزَا نَبِىٌّ مِنَ الأَنْبِيَاءِ فَقَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ لاَ يَتْبَعْنِى رَجُلٌ قَدْ مَلَكَ بُضْعَ امْرَأَةٍ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَبْنِىَ بِهَا وَلَمَّا يَبْنِ وَلاَ آخَرُ قَدْ بَنَى بُنْيَانًا وَلَمَّا يَرْفَعْ سُقُفَهَا وَلاَ آخَرُ قَدِ اشْتَرَى غَنَمًا أَوْ خَلِفَاتٍ وَهُوَ مُنْتَظِرٌ وِلاَدَهَا. قَالَ فَغَزَا فَأَدْنَى لِلْقَرْيَةِ حِينَ صَلاَةِ الْعَصْرِ أَوْ قَرِيبًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِلشَّمْسِ أَنْتِ مَأْمُورَةٌ وَأَنَا مَأْمُورٌ اللَّهُمَّ احْبِسْهَا عَلَىَّ شَيْئًا. فَحُبِسَتْ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ - قَالَ - فَجَمَعُوا مَا غَنِمُوا فَأَقْبَلَتِ النَّارُ لِتَأْكُلَهُ فَأَبَتْ أَنْ تَطْعَمَهُ فَقَالَ فِيكُمْ غُلُولٌ فَلْيُبَايِعْنِى مِنْ كُلِّ قَبِيلَةٍ رَجُلٌ. فَبَايَعُوهُ فَلَصِقَتْ يَدُ رَجُلٍ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ فِيكُمُ الْغُلُولُ فَلْتُبَايِعْنِى قَبِيلَتُكَ. فَبَايَعَتْهُ - قَالَ - فَلَصِقَتْ بِيَدِ رَجُلَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاَثَةٍ فَقَالَ فِيكُمُ الْغُلُولُ أَنْتُمْ غَلَلْتُمْ - قَالَ - فَأَخْرَجُوا لَهُ مِثْلَ رَأْسِ بَقَرَةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ - قَالَ - فَوَضَعُوهُ فِى الْمَالِ وَهُوَ بِالصَّعِيدِ فَأَقْبَلَتِ النَّارُ فَأَكَلَتْهُ. فَلَمْ تَحِلَّ الْغَنَائِمُ لأَحَدٍ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى رَأَى ضَعْفَنَا وَعَجْزَنَا فَطَيَّبَهَا لَنَا ».

It was narrated that Mus'ab bin Sa'd said: My father took something from the Khums and brought it to the Prophet (s.a.w) and said: Give me this, but he refused. Then Allah revealed (the words): "They ask you (O Muhammad (s.a.w)) about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger" [Al-Anfal 8:1].

وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ أَخَذَ أَبِى مِنَ الْخُمْسِ سَيْفًا فَأَتَى بِهِ النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَقَالَ هَبْ لِى هَذَا. فَأَبَى فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ( يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ)