It was narrated from Mus'ab bin Sa'd that his father said: Four Verses were revealed concerning me: I acquired a sword (as booty) and brought it to the Prophet (s.a.w) and said: O Messenger of Allah, grant it to me (as my share of the booty). He said: "Put it down." Then he got up and said: O Messenger of Allah, grant it to me. The Prophet (s.a.w) said to him: "Put it back where you got it from." Then he stood up and said: Grant it to me, O Messenger of Allah. He said: "Put it down." He said: O Messenger of Allah, grant it to me. Shall I be treated like one who is of no use (in war)? The Prophet (s.a.w) said to him: "Put it back where you got it from." Then this Verse was revealed: "They ask you (O Muhammad (s.a.w)) about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger" [Al-Anfal 8:1].

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ - وَاللَّفْظُ لاِبْنِ الْمُثَنَّى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِىَّ أَرْبَعُ آيَاتٍ أَصَبْتُ سَيْفًا فَأَتَى بِهِ النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَفِّلْنِيهِ. فَقَالَ « ضَعْهُ ». ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « ضَعْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَخَذْتَهُ ». ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ نَفِّلْنِيهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. فَقَالَ « ضَعْهُ ». فَقَامَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَفِّلْنِيهِ أَأُجْعَلُ كَمَنْ لاَ غَنَاءَ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « ضَعْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَخَذْتَهَ ». قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ (يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ)

It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said: The Prophet (s.a.w) sent an expedition, of whom I was one, towards Najd, and they captured a large number of camels. Each share was eleven or twelve camels, and they were each given one extra camel.

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ بَعَثَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- سَرِيَّةً وَأَنَا فِيهِمْ قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ فَغَنِمُوا إِبِلاً كَثِيرَةً فَكَانَتْ سُهْمَانُهُمُ اثْنَى عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا أَوْ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا وَنُفِّلُوا بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) sent an expedition towards Najd, among whom was Ibn 'Umar, and each share was twelve camels, and they were each given one camel apart from that, and the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) did not make any change in that.

وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ وَفِيهِمُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَأَنَّ سُهْمَانَهُمْ بَلَغَتِ اثْنَىْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا وَنُفِّلُوا سِوَى ذَلِكَ بَعِيرًا فَلَمْ يُغَيِّرْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-.

It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said: The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) sent an expedition towards Najd, and I went out with them. We acquired camels and sheep (as war booty), and the share of each of us was twelve camels, and the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) granted each of us an extra camel.

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِى شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِىُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- سَرِيَّةً إِلَى نَجْدٍ فَخَرَجْتُ فِيهَا فَأَصَبْنَا إِبِلاً وَغَنَمًا فَبَلَغَتْ سُهْمَانُنَا اثْنَىْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا وَنَفَّلَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا.

It was narrated from Salim that his father said: The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) granted us something in addition to our share of the Khums, and he gave me a big old camel.

وَحَدَّثَنَا سُرَيْجُ بْنُ يُونُسَ وَعَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ - وَاللَّفْظُ لِسُرَيْجٍ - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَجَاءٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِىِّ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ نَفَّلَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- نَفَلاً سِوَى نَصِيبِنَا مِنَ الْخُمْسِ فَأَصَابَنِى شَارِفٌ وَالشَّارِفُ الْمُسِنُّ الْكَبِيرُ.

It was narrated from 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) gave something extra to some of those who had been on an expedition, apart from the shares that they were given like the rest of the army, and the Khums was due on the full amount (of booty).

وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ حَدَّثَنِى أَبِى عَنْ جَدِّى قَالَ حَدَّثَنِى عُقَيْلُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَدْ كَانَ يُنَفِّلُ بَعْضَ مَنْ يَبْعَثُ مِنَ السَّرَايَا لأَنْفُسِهِمْ خَاصَّةً سِوَى قَسْمِ عَامَّةِ الْجَيْشِ وَالْخُمْسُ فِى ذَلِكَ وَاجِبٌ كُلِّهِ.

It was narrated that Abu Qatadah said: We set out with the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) in the year of (the battle of) Hunain, and when we met (the enemy), the Muslims fell into a state of confusion. I saw that one of the Mushrik men had overpowered one of the Muslim men, so I crept up on him from behind and struck him between his neck and shoulders. He turned around and he grabbed me in such a way that I thought I was about to die, then he died. I joined 'Umar bin Al-Khattab and he said: What is the matter with the people? I said: It is the decree of Allah. Then the people came back, and the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) sat down and said: "Whoever killed someone has to bring his proof, then he may take his belongings." I stood up and said: Who will bear witness for me? Then I sat down. Then he (s.a.w) said likewise, and I stood up and said: Who will bear witness for me? Then I sat down. Then he (s.a.w) said that a third time and I stood up again. The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "What is the matter with you, O Abu Qatadah?" I told him the story and a man who was there said: He has spoken the truth, O Messenger of Allah. The belongings of that dead man are with me; persuade him to give up his right. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq said: No, by Allah, you should not expect one of the lions of Allah who fought for Allah and His Messenger to give up his booty to you. The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: "He is right; give it to him." So he gave it to me. I sold the shield and bought a garden in Banu Salimah, and that was the first property I acquired in Islam. According to the Hadith of Al-Laith: Abu Bakr said: No, he will not give it to a little hyena from Quraish and ignore one of the lions of Allah.

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ وَحَرْمَلَةُ - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِى يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ عَنْ أَبِى مُحَمَّدٍ مَوْلَى أَبِى قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِى قَتَادَةَ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَامَ حُنَيْنٍ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَيْنَا كَانَتْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ. قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلاً مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ عَلاَ رَجُلاً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَاسْتَدَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ فَضَرَبْتُهُ عَلَى حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ وَأَقْبَلَ عَلَىَّ فَضَمَّنِى ضَمَّةً وَجَدْتُ مِنْهَا رِيحَ الْمَوْتِ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَأَرْسَلَنِى فَلَحِقْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ مَا لِلنَّاسِ فَقُلْتُ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ رَجَعُوا وَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-.فَقَالَ « مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلاً لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ ». قَالَ فَقُمْتُ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِى ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ فَقُمْتُ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِى ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِكَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقُمْتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ ». فَقَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ سَلَبُ ذَلِكَ الْقَتِيلِ عِنْدِى فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْ حَقِّهِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ لاَهَا اللَّهِ إِذًا لاَ يَعْمِدُ إِلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسُدِ اللَّهِ يُقَاتِلُ عَنِ اللَّهِ وَعَنْ رَسُولِهِ فَيُعْطِيكَ سَلَبَهُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « صَدَقَ فَأَعْطِهِ إِيَّاهُ ». فَأَعْطَانِى قَالَ فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ فَابْتَعْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِى بَنِى سَلِمَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِى الإِسْلاَمِ. وَفِى حَدِيثِ اللَّيْثِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ كَلاَّ لاَ يُعْطِيهِ أُضَيْبِعَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَيَدَعُ أَسَدًا مِنْ أُسُدِ اللَّهِ. وَفِى حَدِيثِ اللَّيْثِ لأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ.

It was narrated that 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf said: Whilst I was standing in the ranks on the Day of Badr, I looked to my right and my left, and I saw that I was between two boys of the Ansar who were very young. I wished that I was standing between two who were stronger than them. One of them gestured to me and said: O uncle, do you know Abu Jahl? I said: Yes; what do you want with him, O son of my brother? He said: I have been told that he reviles the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w). By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, if I see him I will not leave him until the one of us who is destined to die first is dead. I was impressed by that. Then the other one gestured to me and said something similar. It was not long before I saw Abu Jahl moving about among the people. I said (to the boys): Do you not see? This is your companion about whom you were asking. They hastened towards him and struck him with their swords until they killed him. Then they went to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) and told him. He (s.a.w) said: "Which of you killed him?" Each of them said: I killed him. He said: "Have you wiped your swords yet?" They said: No. So he (s.a.w) looked at their swords then he said: "Both of you killed him." And he gave his (Abu Jahl's) belongings to Mu'adh bin 'Arm bin Al-Jamuh. The two men were Mu'adh bin 'Amr bin Al-Jamuh and Mu'adh bin 'Afra'.

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى التَّمِيمِىُّ أَخْبَرَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ الْمَاجِشُونِ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ بَيْنَا أَنَا وَاقِفٌ فِى الصَّفِّ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ نَظَرْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِى وَشِمَالِى فَإِذَا أَنَا بَيْنَ غُلاَمَيْنِ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ حَدِيثَةٍ أَسْنَانُهُمَا تَمَنَّيْتُ لَوْ كُنْتُ بَيْنَ أَضْلَعَ مِنْهُمَا فَغَمَزَنِى أَحَدُهُمَا. فَقَالَ يَا عَمِّ هَلْ تَعْرِفُ أَبَا جَهْلٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ وَمَا حَاجَتُكَ إِلَيْهِ يَا ابْنَ أَخِى قَالَ أُخْبِرْتُ أَنَّهُ يَسُبُّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَالَّذِى نَفْسِى بِيَدِهِ لَئِنْ رَأَيْتُهُ لاَ يُفَارِقُ سَوَادِى سَوَادَهُ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ الأَعْجَلُ مِنَّا. قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْتُ لِذَلِكَ فَغَمَزَنِى الآخَرُ فَقَالَ مِثْلَهَا - قَالَ - فَلَمْ أَنْشَبْ أَنْ نَظَرْتُ إِلَى أَبِى جَهْلٍ يَزُولُ فِى النَّاسِ فَقُلْتُ أَلاَ تَرَيَانِ هَذَا صَاحِبُكُمَا الَّذِى تَسْأَلاَنِ عَنْهُ قَالَ فَابْتَدَرَاهُ فَضَرَبَاهُ بِسَيْفَيْهِمَا حَتَّى قَتَلاَهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَأَخْبَرَاهُ. فَقَالَ « أَيُّكُمَا قَتَلَهُ ». فَقَالَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَنَا قَتَلْتُ. فَقَالَ « هَلْ مَسَحْتُمَا سَيْفَيْكُمَا ». قَالاَ لاَ. فَنَظَرَ فِى السَّيْفَيْنِ فَقَالَ « كِلاَكُمَا قَتَلَهُ ». وَقَضَى بِسَلَبِهِ لِمُعَاذِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْجَمُوحِ وَالرَّجُلاَنِ مُعَاذُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْجَمُوحِ وَمُعَاذُ ابْنُ عَفْرَاءَ.

It was narrated that 'Awf bin Malik said: A man from Himyar killed a man of the enemy, and wanted to take his belongings, but Khalid bin AI-Walid, who was their commander, did not let him. 'Awf bin Malik went to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) and told him, and he said to Khalid: "What prevented you from giving his belongings to him?" He said: Because I thought that that was too much for him to take, O Messenger of Allah. He said: "Give it to him." 'Awf pulled on Khalid's cloak (as a rebuke), then he said: Didn't I tell you that I was going to go to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w)? The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) heard him and became angry, and said: "Do not give him anything, O Khalid! Do not give him anything, O Khalid! Won't you leave my commanders alone? The likeness of you and them is that of a man who takes camels and sheep out for grazing, and he grazes them, then when the time comes to water them, he brings them to the tank and they start to drink, and they drink the clear water and leave the stagnant water. The clear water is for you and the stagnant water is for them."

وَحَدَّثَنِى أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَرْحٍ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ قَتَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ حِمْيَرَ رَجُلاً مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ فَأَرَادَ سَلَبَهُ فَمَنَعَهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَكَانَ وَالِيًا عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَوْفُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ لِخَالِدٍ « مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ سَلَبَهُ ». قَالَ اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ « ادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ ». فَمَرَّ خَالِدٌ بِعَوْفٍ فَجَرَّ بِرِدَائِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَلْ أَنْجَزْتُ لَكَ مَا ذَكَرْتُ لَكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَسَمِعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَاسْتُغْضِبَ فَقَالَ « لاَ تُعْطِهِ يَا خَالِدُ لاَ تُعْطِهِ يَا خَالِدُ هَلْ أَنْتُمْ تَارِكُونَ لِى أُمَرَائِى إِنَّمَا مَثَلُكُمْ وَمَثَلُهُمْ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اسْتُرْعِىَ إِبِلاً أَوْ غَنَمًا فَرَعَاهَا ثُمَّ تَحَيَّنَ سَقْيَهَا فَأَوْرَدَهَا حَوْضًا فَشَرَعَتْ فِيهِ فَشَرِبَتْ صَفْوَهُ وَتَرَكَتْ كَدَرَهُ فَصَفْوُهُ لَكُمْ وَكَدَرُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ ».

It was narrated that 'Awf bin Malik Al-Ashja'i said: I went out among those who went out with Zaid bin Harithah, on the campaign of Mu'tah, and I was traveling with one of those who had come as reinforcements from Yemen... and he quoted a similar Hadith (as no. 4570) from the Prophet (s.a.w), except that he said: 'Awf said: I said: O Khalid, do you not know that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) has ruled that the belongings are for the killer? He said: Yes, but I thought it was too much.

وَحَدَّثَنِى زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا صَفْوَانُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الأَشْجَعِىِّ قَالَ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ مَنْ خَرَجَ مَعَ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ فِى غَزْوَةِ مُؤْتَةَ وَرَافَقَنِى مَدَدِىٌّ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ. وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-. بِنَحْوِهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِى الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ عَوْفٌ فَقُلْتُ يَا خَالِدُ أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَضَى بِالسَّلَبِ لِلْقَاتِلِ قَالَ بَلَى وَلَكِنِّى اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ.